The Nature Of Psychology As A Discipline - 1714 Words

In the media we often encounter rather unfavourable portrayals of psychology, which characterize it as a â€Å"soft†, intuitive subject. It receives a lot of criticism for failing to precisely test and predict the examined phenomena. Psychology is falsely perceived by many as the pure study of the abstract, metaphysical â€Å"mind†. The ambiguity of the concept makes any scientific investigation of human behaviour questionable. However, this belief is a misconception. Although there are aspects of human behaviour that limit the systematic approach, there are no implications that it is entirely inappropriate or impractical. In reality, psychologists widely employ scientific methodology in search for new knowledge and confirmation of existing theory. This essay will explore the debate on the nature of psychology as a discipline by examining its multiple paradigms and the applicability of the systematised method to the study of human behaviour. What makes a field or discipline scientific? Philosophers and scrutinisers have offered multiple criteria for defining the scientific nature of study. In the article â€Å"What Separates Science from Non-Science?† Berezow and Hartsfield outline the characteristics of a scientific discipline: clearly defined terminology, quantifiability, highly controlled experimental conditions, reproducibility, and predictability and testability (Berezow Hartsfield, 2012).. It is argued that psychology does not meet all five requirements and therefore cannot beShow MoreRelatedThe Diver810 Words   |  4 Pagesse Nature of Psychology The Diverse Nature of Psychology Christine Woyner PSY 490 September 19, 2011 Edna Foster The Diverse Nature of Psychology The diverse nature of psychology begins with making a difference in a diverse setting. This involves the implementation of critical psychology concepts, subdisciplines and subtopics, motivation, behaviorism, and cognition. Moreover, these subdisciplines and subtopics may be applied to other disciplines in contemporary society. In additionRead MoreEvolution Of Evolutionary Psychology And Culture1151 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle, Sadd (2012) explains the relationship of evolutionary psychology and culture, particularly regarding popular culture. He argues the theory of evolution is widely applicable in multiple disciplines. While evolution theory is essentially biological in nature, it can also give us insight to our culture, society and human behaviours. According to Sadd, recurrent themes in cultural forms could be explained by evolutionary psychology. He uses example of song lyrics and collective wisdom to demonstrateRead MoreThe Diverse Nature Of Psychology1157 Words   |  5 Pages The Diversity Nature of Psychology Anna Van Norton PSY/490 June 29, 2015 Dr. Edna Foster The Diverse Nature of Psychology Psychology is a diverse area of study; it is not an easy task. The field of psychology is so diverse and is always changing and evolving. Because of the always expanding of nature, there is not just only one theory that can explain and answer all of the questions that are associated with psychology. Psychology has always been defined by its diversity. It is theRead MoreThe Diverse Nature Of Psychology1200 Words   |  5 Pages The Diverse Nature of Psychology Name Institution The Diverse Nature of Psychology Introduction Psychology consists of a wide collection of diverse concepts, which influence its precise nature that includes the study of behavior and mind in different organisms. Ideally, these organisms range from the most complex to the most primitive. In essence, diversity involves recognizing the variability of characteristics, which make people unique such as their physical appearance, partnered/maritalRead MoreWhat Are Some Psychologists?1597 Words   |  7 Pagesact as critical evaluators and clarifiers of psychology s ideas and practices, and focus on the process of theorising itself, while other psychologists do not engage in theoretical research at all. Empirical facts are understood in the light of a specific theory, and theory is built from a careful consideration of the facts. Indeed, theory and research are so intertwined that neither can exist without the other, and both are required to see psychology flourish (Sandin, 2006). While this is a generallyRead MoreThe Diverse Nature of Psychology Paper951 Words   |  4 PagesThe Diverse Nature of Psychology Paper Sophia Martinez Psychology 490 Capstone Course in Psychology October 5, 2011 Giselle Gourrier, Ph.D. The Diverse Nature of Psychology Paper Psychology is a discipline that has extensive implications for other areas of science while simultaneously maintaining a narrow concern for the derivation of scientific knowledge about human and non-human behavior (Stanovich, 2010). This paper is concerned with the assessment of two sub-disciplines and sub-topicsRead MoreRationalism vs. Empiricism Essay1573 Words   |  7 Pagesthe rationalist and empiricist schools did not have any relationship to the study of psychology at the time, it has contributed greatly to facilitating the possibility of establishing the discipline of Psychology. This essay will describe the empiricist and rationalist debate, and will relate this debate to the history of psychology. The debate between rationalist and empiricist philosophers looks at the nature of knowledge, and specifically, how we gain this knowledge. Rationalists and empiricistsRead MoreAbnormal Psychology1154 Words   |  5 Pages Abnormal Psychology: The field of abnormal psychology is a scientific discipline that focuses on examining the causes of mental dysfunction or abnormal behavior. Some of the major areas of study in this field include emotional disturbance, psychopathology, mental illness, and maladjustment. This scientific discipline examines abnormal behavior since such actions are expressed due to psychological dysfunction that contains some features of deviance, potential injury, and distress. As various typesRead MorePsychological Analysis On Human Behavior913 Words   |  4 Pagespredict group trends, even when such does not apply to individual cases. A final obstacle that sometimes impedes the correct interpretation of scientific psychological predictions of human behavior is the probability of chance. The role of chance in psychology is often misunderstood. A degree of chance and coincidence play a role in the accuracy of predictions, and for this reason, individual predictions about human behavior are therefore impossible. Therefore it should be strongly affirmed that, â€Å"[c]linicalRead MoreSocial Psychology : Psychological Psychology1658 Words   |  7 Pagessocial psychology, what shapes our attitudes, what do they do, and what is the income of a social psychologist? Social psychology is important because people have gone through depression and anxiety. A social psychology can help one recover from the inside pain. Social psychology is a discipline that uses scientific methods to explain how the brain works, feelings and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings. Social psychology typically

Corporate Finance Quiz - 726 Words

IMBA -FIN 6425 – Quiz 1 Corporate Finance - Solution– Nimalendran This is an individual quiz and you should submit the answers on-line by the scheduled date. You are allowed to use any resources EXCEPT help from any other person. You are allowed to use EXCEL for the calculations. 1. Barkley Credit Union sets a low annual percentage rate (5%) for all its credit card customers instead of basing the interest rates on the customers’ credit scores. Consequently Barkley is exposed to ______________.? a. Moral Hazard b. Screening c. Adverse Selection d. Signaling Answe C 2. Bob, an environmental economist, has struggled for a year to write a paper that will be read by 50 people at most to show that, in case he must†¦show more content†¦$1,200,000 c. $339,870 d. $125,846 Response: NPV = -2,400,000 + [(1,200,000)/(1.15)] + [(1,200,000/(1.15)^2] + [1,200,000/(1.15)^3] = 339,870 Answer C 6. A capital equipment costing $300,000 today has no (zero) salvage value at the end of 5 years. If straight-line depreciation is used, what is the book value of the equipment at the end of three years? (Chapter 6) a. $120,000 b. $80,000 c. $60,000 d. $40,000 Annual depreciation = $300,000/5 = 60,000 Depreciation for 3 years = 180,000 Book value = 300,000 - 180,000 = 120,000 Answer A 7. The market value of Charcoal Corporation s common stock is $20 million, and the market value of its risk-free debt is $5 million. The beta of the company s common stock is 1.25, and the market risk premium is 8%. If the Treasury bill rate is 5%, what is the company s cost of capital? Ignore taxes. (CAPM, Chapter 8) a. 15% b. 14.6% c. 13% d. None of the above Response: rE = 5 + 1.25(8) = 15 ; rD = 5%; Company Cost of capital = 5 (5/25) + 15(20/25) = 1 + 12 = 13% Answer C Use this information to answer questions 8 and 9: AmTrade is a full service broker that is considering expanding into internet brokerage business. The project is expected to last 5 years. The firm has market capitalization (market value of assets) of $1billion and it has a market value of Debt/Equity ratio of 0.5. ETrade is a pure internet brokerage Company and it has an equity beta of 1.2 and a debt betaShow MoreRelatedCorporate Finance Quiz2459 Words   |  10 PagesCorporate Finance – Chapter 2 – Long Quiz 1 1) Marvelous Entertainment Group, Inc. had net income of $32.7 million in 2005. The firm paid no dividends. If there were no further changes to the stockholders equity accounts, then _____ by $32.7 million. 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Download International Corporate Finance Jeff Madura Solution Manual PDF file for free, Get many PDF Ebooks from our online library related with International Corporate Finance Jeff Madura Solution Manual.... international-corporate-finance-jeff-madura-solution-manual.pdf filetype: PDF INTERNATIONALRead MoreUniversity of Phoenix Corporate Finance Syllabus1329 Words   |  6 Pages| Syllabus School of Business FIN/571 Version 5 Corporate Finance | Copyright  © 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course applies corporate finance concepts to make management decisions. Students learn methods to evaluate financial alternatives and create financial plans. Other topics include cash flows, business valuation, working capital, capital budgets, and long-term financing. Policies Faculty and students/learnersRead MoreInvestments Final1270 Words   |  6 PagesQuiz 2 Corporate Finance NAME ______________________ Apring 2013 2012 70 pts Show all work MC=5pts each 1. Find the EPS (y-axis) // EBIT (x-axis) crossover point of the following two capital structure plans. Complete the table and Draw the graph and show all the points including crossover, where line crosses y-axis, and the three EBITs below 30pts Assets = $3,000,000 Stock Price = $20 Interest Expense = 12% PLAN I D/E = 1.1 Recession ExpectedRead MoreThe Role Of Finance And Its Effect On Portfolios, Managing Portfolio Risks And Tax Liabilities1231 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness Finance Whittier College Radoniqi Summer 2016 Quiz #1 1. Explain the role of finance in society. The common perception is that finance is associated with wealth management – enlarging portfolios, managing portfolio risks and tax liabilities, ensuring that rich grow richer. 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Date: 09/04/2012 ) Course name: Corporate Finance Course code: FIN202 Level: Implementation period: from 25/06/2012 14/07/2012 Group leader /lecturer: Phá º ¡m Tà ´ Hoà  i E-mail: Hoaipt@fsb.edu.vn 1) Main objectives and goals of the course Upon completion of this course, students should: 1.Understand the key issues of financial management in company 2.Gain an understanding of financial markets andRead MoreAdvanced Corporate Finance4303 Words   |  18 PagesUniversity of Puget Sound School of Business and Leadership BUS 434 Advanced Corporate Finance Professor Alva Wright Butcher Tues-Thurs 11:00-12:20 McIntyre 107 Spring Semester 2012 Office: McIntyre 111 I Phone: 253-879-3349 FAX: 253-879-3156 Office Hours: T-Th: 1:00-1:50 Wed: 9:30-10:30 And by appointment Note that I am always willing to schedule additional office hours by appointment. I check email frequently, so that is also a goodRead MoreFinancial Management14158 Words   |  57 Pagesstructure: 1. Introduction 2. 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A Night To Forget Free Essays

The wind blow violently through the church-yard, wiping the hair off of Abi’s face, as she looked down at her mothers grave. At the corner of a church a man with dark hair and piercing green eyes stared across at her. â€Å"It’s no good girls we are going to have to call it a night. We will write a custom essay sample on A Night To Forget or any similar topic only for you Order Now It’s been absolutely fantastic, hard to believe it’s my last night as a single woman, but I will be in no fit state to get married tomorrow if we don’t go now,† wailed Jeannie. The mob of giggling girls tumbled out of the night-club, none of them noticing the tall dark man who floated out after them. Wanna lift home Rachel, we’re all taking a cab,† screamed one of the girls, clutching on to Jeannie with one hand round her neck holding her upright. â€Å"No, I’m fine you lot, I’ve drank a bit much, perhaps walking home will clear my head. Anyway it’s not far. † â€Å"Ok Rachel, we all know you can look after yourself,† said Jeannie with a wink, and a fit of laughter met her words. With a last fleeting look at the remnants of the wild hen night, Rachel turned to walk the few streets home. Rachel turned the corner, humming softly to herself reminiscing about the night and her friends, † I cant believe there’s only one of us left who’s still single,† she spoke the words with slight regret, â€Å"At least Jeannie found the man she had always wanted†. â€Å"Pete wouldn’t be too happy about the man that was paying me rather too much attention, in the night-club. I wish he was going to be home tonight, we could talk more about, perhaps, getting married ourselves†. She hugged herself at the thought, perhaps it would be her turn to get married next! At that moment two men in the park caught her eye both walking quickly but far apart from one another. One had a huge German shepherd which wagged its tail at the sight of her, but as the man bent down to reprimand it, and she smiled to herself, â€Å"There are loads of people out tonight must have been something big going on†. She debated if she should cut through the park, â€Å"Should I, shan’t I, well it’ll be quicker. † She crossed the street and entered the park, the swings were squeaking, and the wind whistled through the trees, picking up speed and making her hair cover her face. Someone coughed behind her, she jumped in the air, peering around she breathed a sigh of relief, it was only the butcher Frank. She greeted him and carried on home, the wind continued whistling around her. There was a huge rustling in the evergreen bushes near her feet, she held her breath and looked pointedly up at the increasingly darkening sky, until she felt something brush her hand. She looked down suddenly at the wet floor, the black tarmac path covered with a festering film of moss and the sight that met her eyes was very surprising as it was the great shaggy head of the German Shepherd she had seen earlier. Rain started pouring down in droplets the size of 50 pence pieces and began running of gutters and roofs, the rain plastering her hair to her sweaty face as though buckets of water were being repeatedly dropped on her head. The moon which had given her light, now became covered by the heavy black storm clouds, and it was the occasional lightening strike which seemed to land increasingly closer each time which gave a second of illumination before plunging the street around her into darkness yet again. The sound of a fire alarm rang in the distance but she focused her mind it wasn’t something for her to deal with tonight. She started to walk quicker, and glanced behind her but the man seemed to be the same distance away, she broke into a frantic kind of run, her face contorting as she tried to keep her mind, she was so close to the end of the park. As she rounded the next bend, only two streets away from her house, she felt the hairs on the back of her neck stand up. She peered over her shoulder and was more than a little bit surprised to see the man who had been walking across the park behind her. His hair was dark, and he was exceedingly tall, was he the man who had flirted with her at the night-club? His face was covered in shadow and his eyes were looking at the floor and his hands were in his pockets. She sighed, of course, she did live in a busy area it wasn’t that odd for someone to be walking this way. She carried on walking checking behind her every now and then and becoming increasingly worried that after several minutes he still was following her, this couldn’t possibly be normal, could it? She started humming again but the tune was slightly distorted as her breathing became shallow and she had to gasp for air as her throat was constricting. She plunged her hand into her bag, it crawling around searching, searching for her keys. Pete always complained that she could never find her keys, suddenly her hand grasped around then. The lights in the house were out, her flat mate wasn’t in either, she sprinted up the drive to the house, one last lightening strike making her panic stricken face light up, â€Å"shit, shit† she cried thrusting the bent key into the lock. She gave one vital turn on the key and hear the lock snap open, she threw the door open and slammed it shut behind her and leant back on the door her breath coming out in great rasping breaths. She gave a huge sigh of relief and sunk down onto the rough, wooden floor. â€Å"He was probably innocent and wasn’t doing anything wrong but, phew that was just too scary†. Rachel, slowly got to her feet and climbed the winding staircase made of old pine with the creaky first step. As here feet found there way to tiled landing floor she pushed open the door and slowly made her way through the catastrophic mess of books and clothes that was her bedroom all scattered over a periwinkle blue carpet. She then slowly tiptoed through the junk to the bathroom and leant over the bath to turn on the exceedingly rusty, hot tap. A sound met here ears which could not have had anything to do with her, the step at the bottom of the stair had given an almighty creak, her head shot up and she turned to face the door on to the landing. â€Å"That couldn’t have been anybody. No I must have imagined it. † Rachel then slipped out of her pale lilac, dress which had rested a couple of inches above her knobbly knees, and pulled on her woollen dressing gown. The water flooded into the bath as she made her way out of the room and slowly descended the old staircase and stumbled into the kitchen, â€Å"I must have drunk far too much† she moaned softly slightly slurring each word. She reached for kettle to fill it with water only to notice the tap was dripping. That couldn’t have been her, so she leant forward to turn it on properly. The door creaked behind her and she spun round, no one was there but the door was swinging slowly. Open, shut, open, shut. She crept to the door, but before she had got two paces across the room she uttered a small, quickly stifled shout. She felt something-soft winding itself between her legs. It was Emily, her cat. Rachel got back up from stroking her scary little friend to turn the dripping tap off. No longer was it dripping. She shook her head violently, blond hair cascading over her face, â€Å"no one is in here, its fine. † She cautiously, walked through the door into the hall and felt the soft sheepskin rug rub between her toes, her heart beating hard against her ribcage, and her palms oozing sweat. She turned the corner to climb the stairs, and silently ascended the stairs yet again, and she walked into the bathroom. The water was no longer running, this was no longer a joke someone had to be in the house? â€Å"Raquel are you here? Please tell me your joking around? Its not funny you know, please come out,† she cried into the silence her breath coming out in short gasps, her eyes flitting from the landing and the stairs to her bedroom, the two closest places to her. She fled down the stairs to the kitchen her feet echoing loudly, on the wooden steps. â€Å"No. No, who’s in here,† her shouts went unanswered in the big house. She leant back wards against the kitchen ledge and put her hands behind her each on a part of the kitchen worktop. She squeezed her hands against the rough marbled side, and felt some thing rustle under one of her palms. She picked it up, a single scrap of paper and turned round to read it on the kitchen side. Looking forward to seeing you again sweetheart. Her hands began to tremble, and the hairs on the back of her neck stuck up. Bang! The door swung open on its hinges. â€Å"I told you we would meet again†. He said smirking at her, his eyes looking her up and down, his gaze then lingering on her face. â€Å"Y-y-you, shouldn’t b-be in here†. She stammered. â€Å"What do u mean I shouldn’t be in here, darling. I’m in love with you. We are destined to be together. † â€Å"You’ve no right to be in here, how’d you get in† Rachel said her voice slightly stronger now, as she regained her senses after the shock of seeing him there. â€Å"Why, do all, of the girls say that, I hated it when the other girls said that! † he said, his greasy voice becoming less cosseting and more fierce. W-w-what do you mean by others,† the stammers returned, her fears now staring her in the face as she realised what he could do. â€Å"Oh, I just meant the other women I liked, not that they are still around anymore. They decided they didn’t like me. † His voice suggesting that this was nothing out of the ordinary. â€Å"There was, Miranda, Polly, Florenec and, oh, Abi. † He said counting them off on his fingers. â€Å"W-what do you mean there not around anymore? † she asked tentatively. â€Å"What do you think I mean darling? † he replied. Trying to placate him she responded, â€Å"oh, I expect you mean that they just moved away. † He laughed, â€Å"course they did darling, moved to heaven or hell. † Rachel realised that the man in her house was seriously deranged and that she was in mortal danger. She knew she needed to get away from him, as quickly as possible, but with legs that felt like jelly she wasn’t sure how she would achieve this. A strange clicking noise could just be heard coming from the direction of the hall they both turned to it, he asked sharply, â€Å"what’s that? She replied, â€Å"Oh I often here that noise I don’t know what it is, don’t worry about it, knowing that it was the door bell with its nearly flat battery. Rachel knew that all she needed to do now was get to the doorbell with out alerting his suspicions. Suddenly with no warning he lunged forward, wrapping his muscular arm around her defenceless neck. He hissed in her ear, â€Å"Do you think I’m stupid there is someone at the door isn’t there? † Rachel slumped forward, her weight catching him unprepared, he staggered under her weight. Suddenly a sharp pain shot through his lower body, he stepped backwards shaking his head, moaning â€Å"what’s going on,† not quite comprehending what was happening and completely unprepared for the next sharp blow that struck him over the head knocking him to the floor. There was a huge commotion at the front door, clearly somebody was trying to open it without the benefit of a key. The door suddenly gave way and several huge men powered through the door looking around, in there midst was a familiar hairy face. As the men dealt with the now unconscious would be attacker, Rachel buried her head in Rex the German shepherds shaggy coat. She took a deep breath and turned to her colleagues to ask, â€Å"what the hell kept you. † Her inspector patted her on the back saying, † well done Sergeant you played your role well, the way you stumbled home those orange juices must have been very strong but at least this murdering bastered will soon be under lock and key. â€Å"By the way sergeant exactly w2hat did you do to him before we got here? † she replied smiling, â€Å"that’s what comes from having a boyfriend who’s a Karate 6th Dan. The operation went smoothly enough, mind you I though Rex was gonna blow our cover when he came to see me through the bushes in the park! â€Å" How to cite A Night To Forget, Papers

Media Bias Essay Example For Students

Media Bias Essay Is the Media Bias Essay? Many people including myself believe that it is. On the other hand, there are people who believe that media is not biased and just states facts. These people (i.e. my dad), who believe that media is not biased also believe that everything on TV is true, in my experience. We see bias in media (print or broadcast) many times. It might be the subtlest of things that is unnoticeable to more blatant attempts. The fact is bias is everywhere and it is very difficult to separate the two. The reasons why it is difficult are not clearly understood by my self but I can point toward the fact that everyone is the world has opinions and in some way or form it will be presented in the way they talk or write. The discussion of this paper is to see if we can find bias in media. We will be focusing our attention on the 2000 Elections and observing for bias in News Media articles regarding one of the Presidential candidates. What is media bias? Media bias is the tendency for the media to represent different people in a particular way based on their own views, the views of their sponsors, and possibly the views of society. Media bias could be blatant, but usually it is subtle. It can be expressed in the content of television shows. It can be expressed in the choices of types of stories that they show on the news. It can be expressed in the language used on shows, and that is written in the newspaper and magazines. Media bias is any stereotype set forth by the media that portrays individuals to society in a certain way. Media bias doesnt even have to be a negative portrayal, but more of an inaccurate portrayal of people that helps aid to the ignorance of individuals in society. In the following paper, I will give specific instances where media biases have occurred as well as show that it is a common occurrence that we may not realize. I will also show you why individuals believe that media bias is not a problem because if you cant blatantly recognize it, how can it be there. I will also show how stereotypes set forth by the media sometimes mirror stereotypes that are set forth by society, and they only exist to help form the belief and value system of society. I will also offer possible solutions to such problems. Media bias is a large problem, in that its existence is not blatant nor is it one that many people feel threatened by. Examples of Media Bias First we need to examine the cases where this is present. Less obvious stereotypes are those of women. Womens roles in society have changed throughout the times. Are these changes due to societal changes as a whole, or were they because individuals in the media felt that this was a change that needed to happen, and once we saw it on television we believed it was so? When women first aired on television, they were seen as housewives and mothers. Few had jobs. Most of the women had husbands that worked hard everyday, and they had submissive roles. Women were not the decision makers, nor did they have too much intelligence. This was seen in shows such as All in the Family, The Beavers, The Donna Reed Show, The Brady Bunch, and many more. There were not any female news anchors, and when they were on television they did cooking shows, and perhaps the weather. As time moved on and the Women Movement began, women became working mothers; still they had lower roles, such as secretarial ones, and factory jobs. Presently women have been portrayed as more career oriented. They are doctors and lawyers, managers, and television anchors. There are also many shows where women are more independent. Many are not married, some are single mothers, and some are even divorced. This was a positive change, but yet it does hold some media bias. The problem is whether these changes occurred because of a societal shift, or was this because people who invested in the media saw this happening, wanted ratings, and felt that this must be done and in turn society began to shift their way of thinking about women; or was it a combination of both? The problem is why does the media feel that they can shape .

A Single American Nation essay

A Single American Nation essay A Single American Nation essay A Single American Nation essayThe development and success of the Civil Rights Movement changed American society and American nation. The Civil Rights Movement influenced the course of the political history of the United States (Beacham et al., 2004). The movement was driven by many different mechanisms, but the black religion played crucial role in its development. Besides, the Civil Rights Movement gained success due to effective human rights initiatives which changed the development of American society. For example, the Civil Rights Movement initiatives were aimed at overturning racial segregation across the United States, African-American disfranchisement, increasing the pride and identity level of black people, promoting political, cultural and economic opportunities, etc. (The cycle of poverty†: Mexican-American migrant farmworkers testify before Congress, 1969). The Civil Rights Movement failed to achieve the following objectives to promote desegregation of churches, fin d the proper solutions for economic challenges of African Americans, solve urban problems, and other objectives. The approaches of Martin Luther King Jr, and Malcom X to Civil Rights were different. Martin Luther King Jr promoted the idea of nonviolence, while Malcom X did not believe in the effectiveness of nonviolence. Malcom X believed that African Americans should be ready to fight back if their actions would be stopped. However, the approaches of Martin Luther King Jr and Malcom X to Civil Rights were the same in the overall philosophy of the Civil Rights Movement. So many new movements emerged by the end of the 1960s because of considerable changes in political, economic and social development of the country. For example, women fought for equality. Although The Equal Pay Act of 1963 guaranteed equal pay for equal work, women   as a class was still â€Å"at the bottom of the economic totem pole† because of â€Å"their dual victimization by race and sex-based discrimin ation†   (â€Å"The bottom of the economic totem pole†: African American women in the workplace, 1962). In general, the Civil Rights Movement influenced the growth of movements aimed at anti-discrimination practices. The American nation was more or less divided in 1970 than it had been in 1950 because of the effects of the Civil Rights Movement, including changes in American political and economic life, foreign policy and the media.

Pen Names

Pen Names Pen Names Pen Names By Ali Hale A reader, who wishes to remain anonymous, uses his real name in his writing for a weekly newspaper, but is considering using a pen name for other work. He wrote: I have had heavy criticisms attached to my birth name, before my professional career [as a journalist] even started, and believe with a pen name I can have a fresh start. My question for you is this: When should a writer use a pen name? Should a writer use a pen name at all? What is a pen name? A â€Å"pen name† or â€Å"nom de plume† is a pseudonym used by an author. Sometimes it’s used to remain anonymous, but authors often don’t mind their pen names being known – they just use different names for their writing in separate genres, to avoid confusing their readers. Professionals in other creative fields also use pseudonyms, but these aren’t called pen names; for example, an actor taking on a different name is using a â€Å"stage name†. The phrase â€Å"nom de plume†, as explained by Maeve in French Words for Writers was adapted from the French â€Å"nom de guerre† – a fictional â€Å"war name†. Famous people with pen names Authors throughout the centuries have used pen names. You’ve probably heard of the following authors: George Orwell (real name Eric Arthur Blair) George Eliot (real name Mary Ann Evans) Lewis Carroll (real name Charles Lutwidge Dodgson) And many writers today use pen names. For example, Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum is the real name of Ayn Rand (she wrote the famous novel Atlas Shrugged, examining philosophical and political themes). Margaret Astrid Lindholm Ogden, a fantasy author, writes under two pen names: Megan Lindholm for her earlier, contemporary fantasy, and Robin Hobb for her epic, traditional fantasy books. Why use a pen name? Authors use pen names for a wide variety of reasons, which include: To remain anonymous (especially if producing a politically or religiously sensitive work) This is perhaps less common today, but sometimes occurs if a very personal or sexually explicit work is written. An example is the author Belle de Jour (who writes a blog Belle de Jour: diary of a London call girl and has had two books published based on the blog). Some people see this form of anonymity as a ploy to provoke media interest, as newspapers compete to discover the real identity of such authors. To change or conceal gender In the 18th century, many female authors used male pen names in order to be taken seriously. George Eliot is the most famous example, though the Bronte sisters all wrote under pen names too. This trend still continues in some genres today: for example, female fantasy or science fiction authors will often use a gender-neutral name (Robin Hobb) or use their initials (J.K. Rowling) as the genre has traditionally attracted more male readers and authors. A similar effect can be seen when male authors adopt a female pen name to write a chick lit or romance novel. To write across multiple genres Lewis Carroll also wrote mathematical textbooks under his real name (Charles Dodgson), so adopted a pen name for his children’s novels. Authors today who write in multiple genres will sometimes use a different name for each one, to avoid confusing readers. Others use alternative forms of their real name; for example, the author Iain Menzies Banks writes mainstream fiction under the name Iain Banks and science fiction as Iain M Banks. To recover from poor sales or reputation If, as in the question from our reader above, an author’s real name has attracted criticism – it may be worth considering changing to a pen name. Sometimes, the first few novels by a new author don’t sell well in bookshops, leading publishers to reject future submissions: changing to a pen name is often recommended in these circumstances. Holly Lisle suggests, in her FAQs about writing: Authors whose first three or so books have returns of fifty percent or more are out of the game. Publishers will stop buying from them not just your current publisher, but also the other publishers you might hope to sell to.†¦ This is where pen names can be useful more than one author with bad numbers has started over with a new name, in essence becoming a first novelist again and acquiring a clean publishing history in the process. So should you use a pen name? If you are trying to build up a reputation in multiple genres, using a pen name (or several pen names) is probably a good idea. And if your real name (or current pen name) has attracted heavy criticism or negative publicity, switching to a new name could be a good way to recover. Even if people do know what your real name is, you’ll be referred to by your pen name and it’s likely that few people will make a connection with your previous writings. However, adopting a pen name means building up your reputation again from scratch – which could be a particular problem for freelance writers. You’ll still have all your experience and knowledge, but you may not want to use existing clippings of your writing which were published under your previous name. If you’re using a pen name in an attempt to remain anonymous, be aware that people are often insatiably curious when they suspect a secret – you may well be â€Å"discovered†. In some cases, this can lead to great publicity, but if your client or publisher suspects you of trying to conceal a less-than-stellar past, it may backfire. Ultimately, only you can decide whether it’s best for you to adopt a pen name or not. Many very successful authors have done so in the past, though, and many do today – so you’ll be in good company if you decide to use one! If you’ve written under a pen name – or even just considered using one – why not share your experience in the comments or on the Daily Writing Tips forum? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Whimsical Words15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsHyphenation in Compound Nouns

Matisse, Kandinsy, Dix, Duchamp, Dali Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Matisse, Kandinsy, Dix, Duchamp, Dali - Essay Example Composition VII is a complex painting on a grand scale. The abstract name suggests how the painter is attempting to draw parallels to musical symphonies. Kandinsy’s close friendship with music composer Schoenberg further bears out this hypothesis. Just as Schoenberg’s music is typified by its atonality, Kandinsy’s work creates a similar mood. This affective mood is achieved through the use of dissonant colors, shapes and object orientations. This very abstract work raises suggestions of chaos and doom. Produced before the break of the First World War, it could be taken as a harbinger of events to unfold. But the underlying message seems to be that destruction is followed by renewal. Invoking Christian symbolism, Kandinsy is perhaps implying the great hope that lies beyond impending apocalypse. In sum, the painting is intriguing and intellectually satisfying. No other painter captured the horrors of war as Otto Dix had done. Based on his first hand experiences dur ing the First World War, Dix produced some of the most vivid, graphic and provocative war sceneries ever. Where it suits him, Dix abstracts the idea of destruction into various manifestations. Though his images belong to what he saw during the Great War, it could equally apply to any war ever fought. This is so because human suffering is a constant across wars of various epochs. As one of the paintings sadly conveys, it is worms which are the real winners in any war. Dix also captured the cultural atmosphere during the inter-war years.

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 12

Sociology - Essay Example (2). The social perceptions and social constructs of gender have played a major role in the way in which the two genders have advanced in politics in the United States of America. (3). In this social construct women were considered Ill-equipped for the function of politics, leading to women having hardly any role to play in politics. (1). Women meekly accepted this less than subordinate role in politics, as assigned by social constructs, so much so they played a very small role in the political arena, leading to a situation wherein there was a paucity of women as political leaders, a vacuum that women still strive to fill in the United States of America. Thus the absence of women from the political power structures can be put down to the social construct of women not being naturally built for a role in politics, and the meek acceptance of such a social construct by women for a very long period of time in American politics. (4). The United States has for long been known as the â€Å"melting pot† of diverse races and cultures, which should mean that assimilation has occurred and there is equality in all aspects. However, this is not true particularly in the case of the minorities made up of the African-Americans, the Latinos and the Asians, who have not been assimilated into this land with a white majority, and so do not enjoy equality in all aspects including economic power. (5). This lack of assimilation is important in a land where the whites are in majority and believe that the responsibility of success or failure of an individual or a group of individuals is solely theirs and is a reflection of the effort, culture, and values of the individual or group of individuals. Having been the dominant grouping with access to all the facilities that are required for economic success, while there has been denial to the minorities

Economic and Monetary Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Economic and Monetary Union - Essay Example Nevertheless both developed quickly back to the former patterns. On the divergent, this paper would find evidence of a decline in the resolution of the inflation progression in the mid-1990s. This also would be evidenced due to a structural alteration in private inflationary prospect due to policies associated to the groundwork of EMU. Regression Model analysis also been adjusted for Statistical analysis using an OLS- and a 2SLS. Main focus of the paper has addressed the question - How joining the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union affects Inflation Joining the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union has great prospect on decision-making structure of monetary policymaking. The political culture of monetary union posed on stability from Inflation. Legitimately countries those who prefer price stability at the expense of growth have dominated monetary union. These preferences shaped the base of monetary union where various institutions intent to protect this interest through price stability. Supporting aspects of monetary integration have shaped it hard to strictly enforce. The battle for price stability in relation to growth continues to be waged despite has gained apparent victory. The inclusion of the joining countries will impact on the institutional structure of the European Central Bank (ECB). The alliances have formed to promote and block certain policies. The alliances would be bent based on the extent of their economies may benefit more. The continued emphasis of stability has a more flexible bargain for its faster growth rate. Similar decisions have a credibility impact on the efficiency of EMU to play a more vigorous role in international monetary arena. This study would go to investigate how joining the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union affects Inflation among the existing member countries and contrasting the incentives for accession countries. This paper would go to represent the analysis within three aspects as - Econometric models. Focus on analysis of data, Statistical techniques, The determinants of EMU historically extraordinary improvements are numerous and complex. The main motivation for joining EMU was the desire of being part of an area of monetary stability for most participating countries after long period of high and variable inflation among themselves. The aim of this paper is to investigate the joining Europe's Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) had any effect on the dynamics of inflation in the countries involved. This question is very significant in quite a few respects. EMU involved the preface of a new currency 'euro' among 12 member countries and created the new central bank responsible for organising and implementing a single

Development of Artificial Sweat Experiment

Development of Artificial Sweat Experiment 3.0 Literature Review : 3.1 Biosensor The terminology for biosensor is usually used for equipment or devices used to monitor the metabolic system or element of biomocules. In addition, the particular term used, is referring to a sensor that uses a biological element, such as enzymes, antibodies, DNA, microorganisms or cell. Besides that, based on the IUPAC,it state that biosensor is an integrated equipment that have the capability to give a good analytical data and information in terms of qualitative and quantitative by using the element of biological recognition that interact with the transducer. Figure 1.1 and 1.2 show the schematic diagram. Gambar Rajah dalam buku 3.1.1 Structural Component of Biodetection The partition in a biosensor that can operate with optimum condition consists of 3 components which are, (a) Bio-recognition elements, where the biomolecules are being placed and integrated which normally known as the immobilization on the surface of sensor, (b) Transducer or Detector devices, where the electrochemical and optical transduction occurs, (c) Processing Signal. Gambar rajah dalam buku 3.1.2 Immobilization Bioreceptor In the development of biosensors, the bioreceptors or biomolecules are important in selectively and add with the sensitivity to certain analytes, to ensure that they need to be situated and connected with a transducer in order to achieve the effectiveness of the biosensor in detecting certain analyte. The immobilization bioreceptor’s techniques involves, Adsorption, Microencapsulation, Entrapment, Covalent Attachment and also Cross-Linking. (gambar rajah dalam buku) 3.1.3 Performance of Biosensor In the development of biosensors, things that should be emphasized is the operated performance of the biosensor in detecting analytes. The biosensor performance covers the aspects of the selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, solution conditions, the â€Å"responds time† ( tr), the â€Å"delay time† (td) and also the â€Å"lifetimes†. 3.1.4 Application Related to Smart Wearable of Biosensor For Sweat Sensor There are various types of application in sensors that already applicable in the market, such as Smart Bra, Thick-film textile-based amperometic sensors and biosensors, Global Positioning System, Wireless Hands-free Communication, Smart Shirt and the most important sensor, is Smart Sensor that will be discussed in this research. (gambar smart patch) 3.2 Sweat Generally, we know that sweat is excreted by sweat glands while the other term in this review, define the term for human sweat as nonexercise-induced eccrine (thermoregulatory) sweat which is secreted by healthy person and but not focusing on the Apocrine. A person, body region, diet, season, degree of acclimation, activity level ,race ,gender ,and also the sampling techniques can give high possibility affect to the variety in the composition of sweat between an individual. (Buckley and Lewis, 1960; Shirreffs and Maughan, 1997; Patterson et al., 2000, 2002; Hayden et al., 2004; Morgan et al., 2004; Shirreffs and Maughan, 1997; Jacobi et al., 2005; Robinson and Robinson, 1954). 3.2.1 Composition of Sweat : Human sweat is composed of highly variable amounts of primary electrolytes, ionic constituents, organic acids and carbohydrates, amino acids, nitrogenous substances, and vitamins and miscellaneous constituents (Fig. 1). Sweat is 99.0–99.5% water and 0.5–1.0% solids (half inorganic and half organic), with specific gravity of 1.001– 1.008 (Robinson and Robinson, 1954; Rothman, 1954; Spector, 1956; Geigy, 1970, 1981; Altman and Dittmer, 1974; Agache and Candas, 2004). Nevertheless, this research report only focusing in the electrolyte, organic acids and carbohydrates and also pH. 3.2.1.1 Electrolytes In general, concentrations of electrolytes in sweat were highly changeable and can assume to be countless. The major constituents of electrolyte were Na and Cl, and the minority amounts were consists of Ca, K, and PO4 (Robinson and Robinson, 1954; Rothman, 1954).In addition, there was reported in a journal that stated, the concentrations of primary electrolytes in the 45 formulations of artificial SSFL which were generally within ranges for human sweat. Unfortunately, median value were not be equivalentl to human sweat.There was lot of formulations lacked of many of the electrolytes present in human sweat (Fig. 1a). In such a case, some are as minimal as a solution of Na and Cl ions (Chiba et al., 1997; Mawn et al., 2005) while there was also occurred among the 45 formulations of artificial SSFL, 7 lacked Na ,8 lacked Cl, 41 lacked Ca, 38 lacked K, 44 lacked Mg, 34 lacked PO4, and all lacked HCO3 (Table 1). 3.2.1.2 Organic acids and carbohydrates The summary in Fig. 1c was shown the measurement of the concentrations of organic acids and carbohydrates which was reported in human sweat. (Mickelsen and Keys, 1943; Robinson and Robinson, 1954; Rothman, 1954; Kuno, 1956; Spector, 1956; Elze and Oelsner, 1957b; Reed, 1969; Geigy, 1970, 1981; Altman and Dittmer, 1974; Kaiser et al., 1974; Stu ¨ttgen and Schaefer, 1974; Goldsmith, 1999; Guyton and Hall, 2000; Agache and Candas, 2004).However, Lactic acid was plentiful of these constituents and its average constitutes was 0.28% of sweat (Spector, 1956; Altman and Dittmer, 1974). Besides that, by reffering to the published Journal of SSFL, acidity of SSFL was due to the high concentrations of both lactic acid and pyruvic acid (Agache and Candas, 2004). The concentrations of organic acids and carbohydrates in 45 artificial SSFL formulations are also summarized in Fig. 1c. The concentration of lactic acid and glucose in artificial SSFL formulations were generally within ranges outlined for human SSFL. 3.2.1.3 pH The measurement of pH values for whole body are summarized in Table 2 (median = 5.3). Values of whole body sweat in Table 2, are from a very acidic pH 2.1 (Haudrechy et al., 1997) to an alkaline pH 8.2 (Altman and Dittmer, 1974). There was might be a variety of sweat pH during a period of sweating, either it become less acidic or more acidic (Robinson and Robinson, 1954) and by body region (Collins, 1957). In order to analyze the effects of alkaline sweat, an investigation had been done by using the pH greater than 7. (Jordinson, 1941; Collins, 1957; Brown et al., 1982; Emmett et al., 1988, 1994; Wainman et al., 1994; Schimper and Bechtold, 2005.Due to the various in sweat pH, many investigators have studied dissolution of a test article over a range of pH values (Gallay and Tapp, 1941; Collins, 1957; Brown et al., 1982; Hemingway and Molokhia, 1987). 3.2.2 Physiology of sweat There are two main types of sweat gland, apocrine and eccrine. Apocrine glands are the largest and they produce a viscous sweat containing lipids, cholesterol and steroids [12,13]. Eccrine glands operate almost the whole body and its amount between 2 and 4 million glands in adult skin. Thermoregulation is regulated by the eccrine sweat glands that helps in maintaining a constant body temperature, and hypothalamus become the centre in controlling the physiological sweat with normal rate of secretion ranging from 0.5 to 1mL/min. The characteristics of sweat is a clear hypotonic, and odourless fluid which consists of sodium, chloride, urea, lactate, organic and non-organic compounds [16]. The acidic nature of the excreted sweat is due to transportation and reabsorbing processes, which are relied on the physiological conditions that occur in the duct [17]. For instance, Patterson et al. has proven that the increased blood and sweat pH through the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate is caused by the induction of metabolic alkalosis. However, it is thought and assumed, this is because of the reduced sweat acidification in the reabsorbtive duct of the sweat glands. Furthermore, the relationship of sweat pH to sweat rate [9,15] and even for relationship of pH and sodium (Na+) levels in isolated sweat glands shown that they are directly proportional to each other. It is known that induce active sweating in human beings will give affect to the heat, mental stimuli, muscular exercise and carbon dioxide [20,21] as the sweating is continued to occur as long as the stimulation lasts and subsides quickly after it ends.. 3.2.3 Sweat collection and analysis The characteristics of sweat sampling and the special samples it requires deserve discussion separated from analysis that can be either different or similar to that in other biofluids. Nowadays, the purposes of sweat analysis are used even in optimizing the performance of athletes by studying the effects of dehydration but in the diagnosis of disease, detection of drug abuse, a method for testing deodorants .In addition, there are a lot of availability of different methods for the purposes of sweat collection and testing. However, the original method to test the components of sweat after exercise was revealed by using the whole bodywash down technique. Hence, all fluids lost during the aerobics are being stored for analysis [18].The following method was, sweat collection devices consisted of an occlusive bandage formed by one-to-three layers of filter paper, gauze or towel [5]. However, this kind of patch was time-consuming to apply, uncomfortably large, prone to detachment and yielded a small volume of sweat for analysis. In addition, it was found to alter the steady-state pH of the skin, the types of bacteria that colonize the skin and the transport characteristi cs of the skin, producing skin irritation [6]. To overcome these difficulties, non-occlusive sweat collection devices were developed, consisting of an adhesive layer on a thin transparent film of surgical dressing to which a absorbent pad and the overall being attached to the arm radial region. The transparent film just allow oxygen, water and carbon dioxide to pass through the patch, leaving healthy the underneath skin and prevents from the penetration of the non-volatile substances from the environment [5] .During wearing of the patch, sweat saturates the pad and slowly concentrates it, sweat components are retained, while water evaporates from the patch, thus misleading results of chloride concentration. Hence, its design does not allow to quantatize the concentrations of analytes in sweat, since the whole volume of secreted sweat is unknown. However, there is a commercial devices for sweat sampling are usually linked to subsequent determination of a given analyte by a dedicated instrument into which the sampler is inserted, as is the case with sweat collection for diagnosis of CF [10]. A recent, no validated sampler for a given application that circumvents sweat-volume related problems and fulfills the present trend to microdevices is a microstrip impregnated with a dye pH indicator [11]. A key aspect of sweat sampling is its noninvasive character, crucial in dealing with people such as hemophiliacs, blood sampling of whom is an either difficult or dangerous task. Sweat sampling can avoids risk of infections to patients who need daily analysis, rather than compared with urine, sweat sample preparation is less complex. Therefore, the use of sweat for commonly frequent analysis practices such as drug control in athletesis preferable. In short, sweat as clinical sample is almost free from impurities or interferents and sample preparation is simple and fast step is quite enough. The main limitations of sweat as clinical sample are the difficulty to produce enough sweat for analysis, sample evaporation, lack of appropriate sampling devices, need for a trained staff, and errors in the results owing to the presence of pilocarpine. In dealing with quantitative measurements, the main drawback is normalization of the sampled volume. Later on, the method has been discovered within the framework to produce results with a high coefficient of variation, which has lead to the development of sweat collection patches or capsules [22]. For instance, a disposable sweat collector developed by Brisson et al. that consisted of capsule created inside a flexible adhesive membrane pasted onto the skin [23]. After that, these collected samples are then stored at low temperatures for later analysis in a laboratory. Now, the pH of sweat can only be determined when the subject has already finished exercise and does not give any changes in the results which might occur between the beginning and end of an exercise session. Therefore, it can be validate that a real-time, wearable method of gathering and analysing sweat is preferable and in demand. Generally, this paper explains about the Development of Smart Patch with On-line Sweat Analysis .Besides that, artificial sweat has been chosen as it is an easily accessible fluid sample. The expected applications of this system for the personal health and sports performance and training. 3.2.3.1 Sweat analysis Sweating is naturally increased by nervousness, exercise, stress and nausea, and decreased by cold. Sweat excretion is also affected by other factors, such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, body location, hormonal imbalances, overactive thyroid gland and the sympathetic nervous system, and certain foods and medications A potential, general personal use of sweat is the recently developed smartphone application for in situ colorimetric detection, in prepared microchips, of pH changes in sweat correlated with chloride concentration and sweat rate which, during physical exercise, can indicate to users the proper time for hydratation [11]. 3.2.3 Artificial Sweat : 3.2.3.1 Historical of Artificial Sweat : The term artificial sweat is used throughout this review and encompasses historically used terms such as ‘‘artificial sweat,’’ ‘‘acidic artificial sweat,’’ ‘‘artificial perspiration,’’ ‘‘synthetic perspiration,’’ ‘‘synthetic sweat,’’ ‘‘sweat simulant,’’ and ‘‘simulated sweat.’’. 3.2.3.2 Benefits of a comprehensive artificial sweat Historical formulations of artificial sweat do not appear to have been characterized and often lacked many constituents present in human sweat. However, only four artificial formulations included more than one amino acid. No vitamins were included in any previous formulation of artificial sweat. Among all historical formulations, one of the most chemically comprehensive recipes was developed by Boman et al. (1983) but contains only select electrolytes, ionic constituents, organic acids, and amino acids. The novel formulation presented herein contains the known human sweat constituents at physiologically relevant levels which provides for a more accurate representation of human than previous artificial sweat models. Our novel artificial sweat formulation with composition that matches human is a chemically complex solvent. Preparation of this artificial sweat requires time and costs not associated with simpler formulations containing only the main constituents of sweat. However, caution must be used when excluding constituents. 3.2.3.3 Comparison to human sweat During formulation, we first balanced all ionic constituents and electrolytes except sodium and chloride. Additionally, concentrations of many human sweat constituents vary widely due to factors such as age, diet, season, degree of acclimation, and gender, making it difficult to design an artificial sweat solution that is universally valid. The artificial sweat formulation described in this paper is chemically more comprehensive than any of the 45 previously identified artificial sweat formulations and contains constituents that are nearly all present in concentrations that match median values in human sweat. However, in our review (Stefaniak and Harvey, 2006), we provided estimates of human sweat constituent concentration ranges, pH, and temperature variability that could be used to guide investigations of the relative importance of sweat factors on interactions with materials. In summary, our artificial sweat, represents a novel comprehensive artificial sweat at median constituent concentrations which equivalent to humans. (Stefaniak et al., in press),

The Two Worlds in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening :: Stopping Woods Snowy Evening

The Two Worlds in Stopping by Woods "Stopping by Woods" The visible sign of the poet's preoccupation is the recurrent image of dark woods and trees. The world of the woods, a world offering perfect quiet and solitude, exists side by side with the realization that there is also another world, a world of people and social obligations. Both worlds have claims on the poet. He stops by woods on this "darkest evening of the year" to watch them "fill up with snow," and lingers so long that his "little horse" shakes his harness bells "to ask if there is some mistake." The poet is put in mind of the "promises" he has to keep, of the miles he still must travel. We are not told, however, that the call of social responsibility proves stronger than the attraction of the woods, which are "lovely" as well as "dark and deep"; the poet and his horse have not moved on at the poem's end. The dichotomy of the poet's obligations both to the woods and to a world of "promises"--the latter filtering like a barely heard echo through the alm ost hypnotic state induced by the woods and falling snow-is what gives this poem its singular interest.... The artfulness of "Stopping by Woods" consists in the way the two worlds are established and balanced. The poet is aware that the woods by which he is stopping belong to someone in the village; they are owned by the world of men. But at the same time they are his, the poet's woods, too, by virtue of what they mean to him in terms of emotion and private signification. What appears to be "simple" is shown to be not really simple, what appears to be innocent not really innocent.... The poet is fascinated and lulled by the empty wastes of white and black. The repetition of "sleep" in the final two lines suggests that he may succumb to the influences that are at work. There is no reason to suppose that these influences are benignant. It is, after all, "the darkest evening of the year," and the poet is alone "between the woods and frozen lake.

Document

As it was mentioned that Mossier will use half of the proceeds from the sale to start a new fund to support socially minded entrepreneurship, and Bin will match his investment and continue the company's one-for-one shoe give away policy. The business has recently expanded beyond producing shoes, aware and coffee in Toms product lines- all with the same one for one theme. For every pair of eyeglasses purchased, Toms will help give sight to a person in need. For each bag of coffee beans sold a person will get clean water for a week.Tom's model is perfectly crafted for millennial consumers who wants to feel good about their purchases but needs a clear, simple and tangible means Of understanding the social purpose of the company through point-of-purchase marketing. Hence, it is evident that millennial are Toms' target demographic that are becoming social entrepreneurs in a big way too to make their own impact and for those who are with social missions, this development is a good step for ward to show that social entrepreneurship can do good and do well simultaneously. Document It is a pleasure to be here today and be part of such a distinguished panel. What I'd like to do in the time allotted is to share some thoughts on the influence of technology on learning in high schools. But first let me make clear what I'm talking about. The technology that is shaping our future and our children's is not, as many assume, the computer. These machines have been with us for decades and now, with their advanced multimedia capability, they deserve considerable credit for enhancing learning among people of all ages. But I propose that there is an even greater technology on the rise.I am speaking about the new and emerging forms of interactive communications, such as the Internet, that allow us to capitalize on our greatest learning resource -? the minds of people all over the globe. We are just beginning to experience the impact of this connection of people to people, and can only guess how transforming its effects will be in the coming years. I also contend, however, tha t if we make the right choices now, we can substantially change for the better how we and our children learn, and more important, how the young people of today and generations to come are taught to learn.To succeed at that task requires a concerted and coordinated effort -? a partnership if you will -? among our families, schools, youth organizations, and communities say that because I am mindful that technology itself is never the reason things change. Rather, it is how people choose to apply technology and whether they make wise decisions and address real needs that makes the difference in the long. There is a quote learned and here I quote: The real power of interactive communications is people as the ultimate source of knowledge.It is not the computers, the physical mass of wires, the complex of networks or the vast databases of information. Rather, it is people and their knowledge, relationships, insights, and spirit freely passed from one to another that engender the â€Å"ma gic† the Internet is making possible. Today, of this interconnected world that the fundamental question is whether we will share this â€Å"magic† with everyone , or only a privileged few. The answer depends on the decisions we aka and the actions we take from this moment on.We must come to understand that access to the Internet needs to be a reality for all our citizens, that the free and unrestricted flow of information and the ready availability of computers for everyone are not simply matters of â€Å"technology. † They are, in fact, one of the vital keys that will either open or lock the doors of opportunity for our children and ourselves. It is within our power to determine whether this generation is to experience the rewards of silverberry, a higher quality of fife, and a renewed sense of community that derive from an interactive sharing of information and knowledge.If we make that leap, and ensure that every citizen has access to the Internet and the chan ce to learn the skills to apply these new technologies for personal advancement as well as the common good, America will make a successful transition to the millennium. If we fail, We may leave a legacy smaller than Our own inheritance. We can get Involved with the New Technologies. Make it a priority. I imagine that getting access to networked computers and finding opportunities for practice and training on the Internet may not be easy for many of you.Investigate local community centers, nonprofit organizations, even corporations, who sometimes make space and courses available to the public. Or you might consider buying a recycled computer. Ask around. But don't give up. Because once you have experienced what I'm talking about -? instant access to information you can use and people with shared interests you'll begin to understand the power of this communications revolution. My friends experience demonstrate to me that, the Internet is a rueful tool for invigorating real communities , not just for building virtual ones.Charlotte Web's success in using communications technology to enrich the lives of an entire region, including the undeserved, so that everyone can participate more fully in community life, should inspire other cities and regions to embark on similar ventures. As a bright woman once told us, we need to ensure our children a head start in a difficult and forbidding world. Document The concert was phenomenal. I was an amazed by how Dry. Cure Ragman skills at playing the piano very agile as if he has been playing all his life. He played pieces by List, Suck, Rachmaninoff, and Chopin. Dry. Ragman played with an allegro style of playing in my opinion even when he had to stop playing in the beginning a note cause he sensed one of the microphones wasn't on.The first piece of music he played had an allegro tempo than slow turned and had a allegretto tempo to the piece he played by Franz List called Transcendental Statutes Harmonies du coir (Evening Harmonies). After the first performance Dry. Ragman thanked us for being a good audience. Spring by Josef suck started with a cheerful melody more relaxing as it started with an adagio tempo. Document The concert was phenomenal. I was an amazed by how Dry. Cure Ragman skills at playing the piano very agile as if he has been playing all his life. He played pieces by List, Suck, Rachmaninoff, and Chopin. Dry. Ragman played with an allegro style of playing in my opinion even when he had to stop playing in the beginning a note cause he sensed one of the microphones wasn't on.The first piece of music he played had an allegro tempo than slow turned and had a allegretto tempo to the piece he played by Franz List called Transcendental Statutes Harmonies du coir (Evening Harmonies). After the first performance Dry. Ragman thanked us for being a good audience. Spring by Josef suck started with a cheerful melody more relaxing as it started with an adagio tempo.

Definition of the Ability to Pay Principle

Definition of the Ability to Pay Principle Definition: The ability to pay principle is the widely held view that the amount of taxes someone pays should increase as their income increases. Terms related to The Ability to Pay Principle: Progressive Tax About.Com Resources on The Ability to Pay Principle: Should Income Tax Rates Depend on Lifetime Earnings?Are Sales Taxes More Regressive Than Income Taxes?Do Richer People Pay a Higher Proportion of Tax Under a Flat Tax? Writing a Term Paper? Here are a few starting points for research on The Ability to Pay Principle: Books on The Ability to Pay Principle: Federal Taxation - Basic Principles Journal Articles on The Ability to Pay Principle: Ability-to-Pay Taxation as Discriminatory Pricing of Government ServicesA Re-Examination of the Use of Ability to Pay Taxes by Local GovernmentsThe Welfare Cost of Capital Income Taxation

The Great Houdini essays

The Great Houdini essays This book is about the life of Ehric Weiss or better known the Great Houdini. In his younger years 16-18 he was a bow tie maker. He had great interest in magic and its secrets. At age 18 he decided to become a traveling magician. He read a lot during his younger years and found a book on Robert Houdin. That is how he comes up with his name. He learned that in French if you add "I" to the back of any word it means "like". So he added a "I" to Houdin showing that he was "Like" Robert Houdin. At first Houdini was not successful at all. He couldnt make any money for any tricks and the only way he could learn greater tricks is if he made money to buy more trick books.. Well eventually he started making more money and was able to learn better tricks and get better equipment to do them.. He eventually worked his way up to the top. His name was mentioned on every street and home across the world. He would escape from freezing shark-infested waters without even getting a scratch. Or hung upside down while a rope was burnt and get the chains and ropes of before the rope burnt all the way through and he plunged to a hundred foot drop. He did all of his great tricks until his death in 1926 when he died. All of his tricks were concieled until this book was published. ...

Analysis of the reasons that support the massive urban expansion in Essay

Analysis of the reasons that support the massive urban expansion in developing cities in the Third World. Using the three cities - Essay Example This rapid rural-urban migration will mostly take place in developing countries (UN 2-20, 2004). People will be moving from the rural to urban areas for several different reasons, top of which will be looking for employment and better lives. Most of the countries that even today experience massive urbanization are found in the developing countries of the third world, especially in Africa, South America and Asia. North America, Europe and Australia also experience urbanization, but to a much lower extent than the developing world. This is because most of these countries’ urbanization started centuries ago with the age of industrialization and by now they are at a flood phase in urbanization where they have stabilized, and urbanization for them is mostly about upgrading current infrastructure to modern states. Furthermore, urbanization is also driven by the increase in population, and developing countries do not have high rates of population growth. One of the cities in Africa e xperiencing massive urbanization is Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya. Kenya is a country in East Africa. With a population of over 3 million people, the city has been considered the most urbanized in East Africa. Nairobi is in a centrally geographical place, with easy access to several airports and sea ports in the eastern Africa region (Llc Books 5-27, 2010). Furthermore, it is the most convenient route from the sea to transport goods from Kenya’s sea ports to landlocked countries, like the Southern Sudan and Ethiopia. The fact that Kenya is a democratic country means that capitalism thrives in the city, allowing for the free movement of goods and services. Nairobi also boasts of amenities such as roads, schools, a city council that is in charge of various services, international and local 5-star hotels among others. Nairobi is also the only city in the world with a national park within the city, called the Nairobi National Park. Tourism is one of the biggest foreign excha nge earners in Kenya, and Nairobi being centrally placed in the country offers easy access to some of the world’s best national parks and wild reserves, including the Maasai Mara, famous for one of the wonders of the world - the annual movement of millions of wildebeest across the Mara River on to Tanzania. Kenya’s coast is also a tourist attraction with its tropical feel and white sandy beaches only found along the coast of East Africa. Nairobi has also had success in being a business destination. Apart from the various investment opportunities available in the city, the hotels in the city also offer ideal locations for conferences and other business events. Easy access to airports also helps businesses. Nairobi was founded in 1907 and was initially an administrative centre, especially for the British colonialists (Morton 2-45, 1948.). Kenya gained independence in 1963. Over the years, the city has experienced massive expansion to its current population. An increase i n human population is one of the reasons for this massive urbanization. Kenya has one of the highest population growths and this has seen many urban areas expand rapidly. The increase in the number of people educated due to an expansion of education facilities has also led to massive urbanization in Nairobi. The government has offered free primary education, and tertiary education in Universities is subsidized. The emphasis on literacy has seen many people, especially from the

The Cold War and U.S Diplomacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Cold War and U.S Diplomacy - Essay Example In the context of the United States, presidential doctrines normally consist of attitudes and major goals for the country’s foreign relations as outlined by a seating President. It is of essence to note that Presidential doctrines are usually established in order to address certain events that are ongoing in the international arena, and therefore, the Presidential doctrine presents guidelines on how the country will handle or approach the prevailing regional or global event. The previous research paper, focused on the Reagan doctrine that was developed and implemented during Ronald Regan’s presidency. Troy (2011) stated that the Reagan doctrine was established mainly to curtail or diminish the influence of the Soviet Union during the Cold War era. During the Cold War era, the Soviet Union committed aggressions and oppression on the citizens of the territories that it had occupied and even violated human rights of theses citizens. Therefore, the Regan’s doctrine was aimed at diminishing the Soviet Union hold on these territories and securing the rights and freedom of those who had suffered under the rule of the Soviet Union. The relationship between the United States and Soviet Union prior to the announcement of the Regan’s doctrine According to Graham et al. (2011), the United States and the Soviet Union had long been at loggerheads with each other mainly because of their difference in terms of political and economical ideologies. Prior to the announcement of the Regan’s doctrine, the two countries had been engaged in a battle for supremacy, with the United States constantly trying to diminish the dominance of the Soviet Union both in the Eastern and Western Union, where the U.S had already established political and economic ties. Graham et al. (2011) wrote that the severity of the bad relationship between the two countries was demonstrated when the U.S extended its Marshal plan to the Soviet Union under certain conditions that were known to be unacceptable by the Union. Additionally, prior to the announcement of the Regan doctrine, Troy (2011) wrote that the U.S and its allies in Western Europe opted to strengthen their relationship and spite the Soviet Union. The current relationship between the U.S and the Soviet Union According to the writings by Graham et al. (2011), they wrote that despite the end of the Cold War in November 1989, the U.S and the post-Soviet Russia still do not enjoy a cordial rel ationship. Moreover, certain occurrences have alluded to the existence of a prevailing Cold War between the two nations. Hunt (2009) stated that the two countries have traditionally up-to-date failed to agree on certain global issues. For example, Russia has recently provided asylum for an American whistleblower (Edward Snowden) who is currently wanted in the U.S for espionage charges. Secondly, the U.S and Russia have taken opposing stands on the on-going civil war in Syria whereby the U.S government is seemingly backing the Syrian opposition rebels while Russia is purpotedly supporting the Syrian government. Thirdly, Russia’s President Vladimir Puttin has treated, in numerous occasions, U.S government officials including with Secretary of the State John Kerry, with a demeaning approach. The effect of the Reagan doctrine on regional or global affairs since its

The Modern Law of Contract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Modern Law of Contract - Essay Example Section 10 of the SGA addresses issues related to the time factor in contracts. It stresses that conditions relating to the time of payment do not constitute the essence of the contract. Unless a different intention is visible in the contractual terms, time does not become of the essence of the contract. Specifications relating to time become crucial to the contract, on the basis of the contractual terms. Moreover, Sections 10(1) and 10(2) are silent regarding conditions and warranties that constitute the standard procedures of determining when a right of repudiation comes into being.  Ã‚   In general, time obligations constitute conditions in contracts of sale, if time is crucial to the contract. Instances of such terms are contracts, wherein the breach of a time obligation, entitles the non – breaching party to rescind the contract. However, delay in payment by the buyer does not empower the seller, prima facie, to repudiate the contract.   Similarly, any other time obli gation does not permit repudiation, as it is dependent on the construction of the contract.Under the provisions of Section 10(1), damages can be claimed by the seller, if the buyer delays payment to the extent that the seller can rescind the contract. Such an eventuality arises; first, if the court is of the opinion that time is crucial to the contract. The seller is required to determine whether the delay in payment by the buyer, is sufficiently long to avoid the contract.... Such an eventuality arises; first, if the court is of the opinion that time is crucial to the contract. Second, if time is not critical to the contract, the deferment of the payment ultimately resulted in a failure to make payment, thereby permitting repudiation of the contract.6 The seller is required to determine whether the delay in payment by the buyer, is sufficiently long to avoid the contract. If the assessment of the seller is incorrect, then he will be liable to the buyer for breach of contract. However, this situation is rare, because the property in goods is usually transferred to the buyer, prior to the delay in payment.7 Under these circumstances, the seller is limited to claiming damages for non-payment of the price by the buyer. In situations, where the seller breaches a time obligation or the time breach by the buyer is unrelated to the payment of the purchase price, the issues involved are different. Section 10(2) states that construction of the contract determines w hether a time obligation is crucial to the contract.8 However, the courts have held that time obligations are of the essence to the contract. In addition, section 10(1) of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 declares that specifications regarding time of payment are not crucial to a contract of sale, until and unless a different intention can be understood from the contractual terms.9 In British and Commonwealth Holdings Plc v Quadrex Holdings Inc, it was held that unreasonable delay was essential, if the innocent party was to be permitted to give notice that would make time of the essence.10 In Behzadi v Shaftesbury Hotels Ltd, the court held that after the time

Argumentative Essay Essay Example for Free

Argumentative Essay Essay In America there are so many people who live without healthcare. President Obama has tried hard to change that known fact by introducing and passing his new Obama Care Act. It is very important for people to have proper healthcare coverage, medical care, affordable medications, and for all healthcare services to be available to everyone, whether they are poor, middle class or rich. For most Americans, high quality care generally is readily accessible without long waits but at high cost. However, the uninsured and, increasingly, the underinsured, the poor, and members of underserved minorities often have poor access to health care and poor health outcomes. The health workforce is well trained, yet the United States faces a severe shortage of primary care physicians. Approximately 45% of the U.S. population has a chronic medical condition, and about 60 million people, half of these, have multiple chronic conditions; the CDC estimated these numbers during a recent survey. 2 Most Americans 250 million (84.2%) have some form of health insurance coverage. But an estimated 47 million Americans (15.8%) were uninsured for a year, as reported for 2006 by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. A survey by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that 43.6 million people (14.8%) of all ages were uninsured at the time of the National Health Expenditure Survey interview in 2006. However, as many as 89.5 million people under the age of 65 years lacked health insurance for a least 1 month or more during 2006-2007, according to a study by Lewin and associates published by Families USA. In addition, another 16 million people can be  considered underinsured. People without health insurance are much less likely than those with insurance to receive recommended preventive services and medications, are less likely to have access to regular care by a personal physician, and are less able to obtain needed health care services. Consequently, the uninsured are more likely to succumb to preventable illnesses, more likely to suffer complications from those illnesses, and more likely to die prematurely. The U.S. health care system has much potential for improvement. Disparities related to race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status has pervaded the U.S. health care system. In addition to the large numbers of Americans who lack adequate health insurance, the cost, quality, and utilization of health care services vary widely. Meanwhile, the need for long term care services and care coordination is increasing. Preventive care, cross discipline coordination, and proactive management of long term care might reduce the cost of care, but these services often are uncovered or poorly reimbursed. 3 Spending on health care in the United States has been rising at a faster pace than spending in the rest of the economy since the 1960’s. According to the Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services- National Health Statistics Group states that in 2005, national health care spending amounted to approximately $2.0 trillion, or $6697 per person and 16% of the gross domestic product. By 2015, health care spending is expected to reach $4.0 trillion. People with large medical care cost are often chronically ill, disabled, or poor. Our society’s inability to provide continuous, coherent patient centered care for this group of individuals is one cause of the high aggregate cost of health care and contributes to the cost of public insurance programs. Patients who enter Medicare without previous insurance but with chronic illness will be sicker and more disabled and therefore more costly to that government program. Health insurance premiums increased drastically since the year 2005. Many have been unable to even afford health coverage. Employer based health insurance has been the basis for paying for health services since 1940, but  it is fast eroding under the pressure of relentlessly rising costs of care. Despite the growing need for coordination of health care services, government and private insures pay for health care services primarily on a episodic, visit related basis with few, if any, incentives for providing comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care for the prevention and management of chronic illness. Primary care physicians now spend about 20% of their time in unreimbursed coordination of care tasks using the telephone or e-mail. Despite repeated attempts to rein in federal expenditures for Medicare and Medicaid, federal have continued to increase much faster than inflation in the entire economy. 4 The Medicaid program provides medical benefits to over 52 million people who meet categorical eligibility standards. The federal government and the state share responsibility for funding Medicaid. The success of the VA system in dramatically restructuring itself indicates that major gains can be achieved in the United States in improving health care access and quality while reducing costs. One response to rising health care costs has been the adoption of consumer directed health plans in which the individual takes greater responsibility for paying for care out of pocket rather than the employer or government. Unfortunately, for those with modest incomes, cost sharing has reduced medically necessary care, such as taking medicines for hypertension. The United States is in such a crisis when it comes to the health care system, yet is very important to see that every one of its citizens is afforded health coverage. People are sickly in this nation, like it is in other countries. The United States is in the midst of a primary health care workforce crisis that is expected to worsen in the next decade. The population is aging, and baby boomers are at a high, and a large amount of people will soon be over 65 years and at greater risk for needing care for chronic conditions. The United States should continue to work on having national policies introduced to the health care system to help guide training, supply, and the distribution of health care providers to better assist those in need of health coverage. It is very important to make this a reality, because we the  people of the United States need to be able to receive medical care, and health coverage, no matter if we are rich or poor in this society.

The Trader Joes Marketing Plan Marketing Essay

The Trader Joes Marketing Plan Marketing Essay Trader Joes is one of the most successful grocery store chains in United States. The brand started as a small convenience store in Los Angeles and has grown to be one of the most recognizable brands selling organic and high quality products. The trademark difference between Trader Joes from their competitions, especially Whole Food Market, is stocking and selling the product produced by Trader Joes. By that, they have responsibility on their product and they do not need to pay the fee to any manufactures, or third party companies, so they will keep the price at affordable for the customer. It is undeniable that Trade Joe is widely recognized as one of Americas successful and trustworthy brands. However, due to the high cost of living, consumers today are watching their budget. Through this marketing plan, we want to make Trader Joes a well-known grocery store in youth adult market not only by the high quality product but also by the affordable price to bring in customers, and to successful in the new segment. Introduction The owner, Joe Coulombe, opened trader Joes in 1958 in Pasadena, California. At that time, Trader Joes were named Pronto Markets, the popular convenience stores at that time. In the following decades, Trader Joes expanded to locations throughout the United States. Trader Joes recent annual earnings were estimated to be $9.5 billion in sale in fiscal 2012 (ends June), up about $1 billion from a year earlier. In order to generate such a return of profit, Trader Joes has been using all means to keep down expenses, such as implementing no service departments which may reduce renting costs. Trader Joes sells all types of food and non-food items and is well-known for more than two thousands private-label products under its brand name, which counts for about 70% of the annual sale. Not only selling daily consumed food such as freshly picked and organic fruits and vegetables, bread, milk, juices, Trader Joes also provides other frozen or ready-to-serve products. For instance: spreads, gourmet cheese, frozen meat and other ethnic food ranging from Italian, Hispanic to Chinese, Indian etc. Nonfood items are available as well, such as Trade Joes soap, vitamins, lotions and creams. With alcohol selling permit, like other grocery stores, Trade Joes also carries beer and wine. One of its most famous selections is its wine brand Charles Shaw, which is often called as Two Buck Chuck, because of affordable price. Nowadays, with almost 400 stores across the country, Trade Joes has made its company image as high quality food, a one-stop for all with full of shopping ease and conveniences. Marketing Analysis TARGET MARKET Targeting at office professionals aged 18 to mid-40s with annual income around $35,000 to $60,000 as primary market; Trader Joe is looking at consumers who are in the middle stage of their life. Those would be more ecologically conscious about healthiness of the food they consume. This target market tends to eat locally and spends more on groceries. A lot of them are vegetarians and require their food to be gluten-free. The above primary group is finalized as Trade Jose company adding two sub-groups when studying their target market. The first sub-group is young professionals and the second one is the current target demographics of the growing multinational population and people who tend to buy food from vending machines Trade Joes also plans to have a secondary target market of those born between the early 1980s to early 2000s. This generation is considered in the marketing plan because they are most likely willing to buy healthy and organic products. Since this young population has been adapted to nowadays fast-paced life, they are more critical with time and demand more convenience. CONSUMER/SOCIAL FACTOR On current movement, people prefer the organic and healthy food and they support local business, local farmer market. They willing to go for unique or store brand instead of big brand names as long as it promote healthy products, ingredients, and ethical, green production process. In other hand, the customer now prepares for them enough knowledge about nutrition, so they are so picky on their choice. Moreover, due to the high living cost, the customer also watches their budget for grocery. COMPETITIVE FACTOR The primary competitor of Trader Joes is Whole Food market. Marketing Plan Trader Joes is successful in United States by their high quality product and good service. However, Trader Joes needs specifically targeted marketing goals and strategies in order to succeed in target customer. MARKETING OBJECTIVE Through the marketing plan, Trader Joes will reach their target customer through social media. Moreover, this plan will help the company raise their awareness in new adult, from 18 to 33 years old market by 30 percent over six months period through social media and advertising. MARKETING RESEARCH Trader Joes does not use any kind of advertising form. The company follows their low profile in core philosophy; they eschew advertising agencies and television completely. Trader Joes use their employee and customer serves as an ambassador of the brand, or using the Word by Mouth strategy. Therefore, the company leans on the current customer database and however, they are attracting the new customer in a passive way, especially the young adult who uses social media regularly. PRICING For competitively with other competitors, Trader Joes should have a good pricing strategy. This strategy would keep their product at a competitive price but still have a quality of the product. For some product like grocery, base on the local farm, we can use the discount, or the sale to make the price lower than competitors. SALE PROMOTION For attracting more customers, Trader Joes would have weekly sale promotion in store, and post in the Facebook or Twitter or do The Fearless Flyer. The unique of the Fearless Flyer is in that flyer, Trader Joes not only consists the advertising of their in store promotion at that moment, but also include the recipe, the tips for cooking. Therefore, the customer when receive that flyer, they tend to read a whole flyer and keep it if they think it useful. PUBLIC RELATIONS One of the primaries of Trader Joes, the Whole Food Market is very good in public relation. They donate their food in the local food bank every week, and of course, they receive the award and certificate for that good will. However, if Trader Joes step in this charity, it would be late, and it doesnt help to increase the fame. So I would recommend another plan, like support the after school program, the senior living or sponsor for some organization like breast cancer, marathon 2Kà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Our target market is a youth adult, who cares about their environment and social. So if we keep doing this strategy, I believe that we will catch their attention and bring more customers to our store because they will realize that their spending money would help them back by our program support for their children, their parent or their grandparents. INTERNET/SOCIAL MEDIA Our target is the youth adult, who was born in the technology decade, and the best way to catch their attention is using their own way. They using Facebook or Twitter like the primary way to communicate with each other. The first thing is Trader Joes have to open social media account. Then for attracting they follow us on Facebook or Twitter; Trader Joe should release any coupon or special sale in store and if they want to get these coupons, they have to follow or like the fan page. By that, we will have a fan on social media, and for any update, any news from Trader Joes, this fan base would the first one who receive that news and expand it. Moreover, Trader Joe website and fan page can build awareness about its own brand by updating the social support, the new product, or any helpful information like recipe and nutrition chart for the product. Executing and Implementing the Marketing Plan BUDGET ALLOCATION Trader joes company. (2013). (). Austin, United States, Austin: Dun and Bradstreet, Inc. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/230609054?accountid=10351