Mmse in Nursing free essay sample

A smaller than usual mental state assessment (MMSE) otherwise called the Folstein test is a short 30-point poll test that is utilized to screen for subjective disability in a patient. It’s use I typically in medication to screen for the nearness of dementia. For this situation I utilized it to appraise the seriousness of intellectual disability at a given point in time and to follow the course of psychological changes in a person after some time. Capacities evaluated are normally math, memory and direction (Changsu Han, 2008). I surveyed Mrs. Pandey’s condition of psychological weakness utilizing the little mental state assessment. Mrs. Pandey is a youngster experiencing various sclerosis. Now we accept that she has an ordinary psychological state and it was demonstrated right by the smaller than usual mental state assessment. After my appraisal I found that the MMSE was anything but difficult to act such that the sort of inquiries to deliver where given to me as of now, fixation was nowon viable communicaion with Mrs. We will compose a custom article test on Mmse in Nursing or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Pandey and creating trust in her to address the inquiries as well as could be expected. To certain people it is hard to pose a portion of the inquiries , a model was the one inquiry were I needed to pose to the patient to check in reverse from 100 by 7. This was on the grounds that the patient could think that its hard to comprehend what is required by the inquiry or interprete in an alternate manner, which can influence the precision in deciding the patient’s condition of intellectual weakness. A portion of the inquiries sounded somewhat senseless which might bother the patient particularly when they have a typical subjective state (McMurray, A. 2005). This I thought could make mental gloom the patient since they may feel they could be so senseless enough not to respond to a portion of the inquiries effectively. The bit of leeway in this assessment could be that no answer isn't right; it is only a method of evaluating their condition of intellectual appraisal. Correspondence was very little an issue. An issue could be misconception the point or the reason for the assessment; I did my best I think to clarify the motivation behind the test. I truly didn't have to rethink a large portion of the inquiries since Mrs. Pandey is of an English talking foundation along these lines I simply expected to state it all things considered. I don't think, however, that my inquiry could assist me with reaching an unmistakable determination since individuals commit error regardless of whether their comprehension is ordinary because of uneasiness and anxiety subsequently it is hard to make an exact inference (Galea, M. Woodward, M. 2005 ) (McMurray, A. 2005). Regarding the video, I was somewhat frustrated on the grounds that I was not talking uproarious enough so a portion of the things I said couldn't be heard in the video. all things considered I figure I worked superbly in speaking with the patuent, I had a significant open stance to the patient and the patient to inspector situating was immacula te in that it gave the patient a condition of prevalence

South of US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

South of US - Essay Example The mix of blistering and chilly climate alongside bounteous amount of downpour makes the locale probably the best spot to direct rural exercises. A few states are marked under the southern locale of United States, a portion of these states include: Maryland, Virginia, Louisiana and 14 different states that structure the over every single southern area of US. These states have encountered lower paces of movement aside from the territory of Texas and Florida and the basic populace of these states incorporates the Scottish and Irish people and the individuals who are offspring of the African American slaves. The complete populace of these states in agreement to the insights of 2010 was 114,555,744 people (Bureau of Economic and Business Research, 2010). The way of life experienced in these states is altogether different in nature when contrasted with the remainder of the US, the claim to fame of food that is made in these states include: grill, pork and walnut

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters Are Reading On September 18, 2014

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters Are Reading On September 18, 2014 In this  feature at Book Riot, we give you a glimpse of what we are reading  this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in  literally  today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). See a Rioter who is reading your favorite book? I’ve included the link that will take you to their author archives (meaning, that magical place that organizes what they’ve written for the site). Gird your loins â€" this list combined with all of those archived posts will make your TBR list EXPLODE. Then again, that might be just what the doctor ordered for summer weekend plans. Enjoy! We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Amanda Diehl Knowing the Score by Kat Latham: because I’ve been jonesing for more sports romances. (eBook) The Apartment by Amanda Black: the premise seemed pretty interesting and it’s for review. (eARC) Jessica Woodbury Landline by Rainbow Rowell: because Audible had a sale over the summer that I forgot about until last week. (audiobook) The Barter by Siobhan Adcock: for review, and fits exactly my desire for an atmospheric semi-scary book for fall. (hard copy ARC) Greg Zimmerman I Am Pilgrim, by Terry Hayes needed a good thrillin’ thriller for a trip. This fits the bill, and then some. (ebook) Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage, by Haruki Murakami ‘cause new Murakami. (hardcover, library) Edd McCracken Just My Type by Simon Garfield: because you can never know enough about a font’s backstory. (hardcover) EH Kern Kicking and Dreaming. A Story of Heart, Soul, and Rock and Roll by Ann and Nancy Wilson with Charles R. Cross: I’m continuing on my journey through the land of biographies. This is the shared autobiography of Ann and Nancy Wilson of Heart. I love Heart. (hardcover) Rincey Abraham brown girl dreaming by Jacqueline Woodson: I’m reading this as part of the Tumblr Reblog Book Club, which always has great YA picks. (hardcover) Jeanette Solomon The Silkworm by Robert Galbraith: because J. K. Rowling. (library) The Lies of Locke Lamora by Scott Lynch: I’ve been trying to read more books by men in 2014, and high fantasy is a good way to do that. (paperback) Rachel Manwill Big Little Lies by Liane Moriarty: Reading this for book club (hardcover) One Summer: America, 1927 by Bill Bryson: I was in the mood for nonfiction that would make me say, “Did you know…” to everyone. (audio) Rachel Smalter Hall In the Woods by Tana French: I’ve been jonesing for the perfect detective series for ages â€" well-written with complex male female characters; casual South Park references. Why did it take me so long to find Tana French? (Audio) We Were Liars by E. Lockhart: Finally came in on my library holds list. As dreamy and wonderful as everyone says. (Hardcover, Library) Fourth of July Creek by Smith Henderson: Another library hold I’ve been waiting for all summer. (Hardcover, Library) Nicole Perrin The Bone Clocks by David Mitchell: New David Mitchell is new David Mitchell (ebook) Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 by Christopher Clark: My WWI history is pretty good, but I wasn’t nearly as solid on the lead-up. Pre-war Europe is more fascinating than even I had imagined. Dana Staves Day of Honey:  A Memoir of Food, Love, and War by Annia Ciezadlo:  I’ll be seeing this author read at a literary festival next month, and that’s the perfect excuse to finally read this memoir, which has been on my TBR list for a good while. (Paperback) Nikki Steele The Gothic Fairy Tale in Young Adult Literature: Essays on Stories from Grimm to Gaiman by Joseph Abbruscato and Tanya Jones: Still making my way through this great collection (Paperback) Etiquette Espionage by Gail Carriger: Because end of summer sometimes really needs fancy steampunky books. (Audio) The Magician’s Land by Lev Grossman: Yes. The series is wrapping up stupendously. (Hardcover) Jessica Pryde The Children of Odin and The Poetic Edda: Read a book a few weeks ago that put me on a real Norse Mythology kick, and I’ve never read the source material. (ebooks) The Black Count by Tom Reiss: Decided to start listening to audiobooks (but only nonfiction at work) and this was the first one I came across in overdrive that was on my to-read list. (Audio) Sarah McCarry Lonely Hearts of the Cosmos by Dennis Overbye: Still not tired of books about life, the universe, and everything. (Paperback) Bone Gap by Laura Ruby: Came highly recommended by favorites Anne Ursu and Nova Ren Suma. (ARC) Amanda Nelson The Tombs of Atuan by Ursula K. Le Guin: because it was the next book in the Earthsea cycle and because Le Guin is a bad ass. (Paperback) Charles Dickens: A Life by Claire Tomalin: What could be more Dickensian than the life of Dickens? (Paperback) Brenna Clarke Gray The King’s Curse by Philippa Gregory: because I forgot I hadn’t finished it (I might be losing my mind). (Digital ARC) Liberty Hardy The Short and Tragic Life of Robert Peace by Jeff Hobbs, for work (Hardcover) Dataclysm: Who We Are (When We Think No Ones Looking) by Christian Rudder, because statistics make me weak in the knees. (Hardcover) Hausfrau by Jill Alexander Essbaum, because I want to stay on top of 2015 books. (ARC) Murder in the Stacks: Penn State, Betsy Aardsma, and the Killer Who Got Away by David Dekok, because I am a morbid little monkey. (Paperback) Derek Attig The Magician King  by Lev Grossman: Because Ive decided to finish the trilogy, despite myself. (Ebook) Rachel Cordasco Normal People Don’t Live Like This by Dylan Landis: because I absolutely LOVED her debut novel Rainey Royal and want to go back and read everything she’s ever written (Paperback, library) Kelly Jensen Don’t Touch by Rachel M. Wilson: Because I love books about mental health, and this one delves into OCD. David Abrams The Chocolate War by Robert Cormier: Because I’ve been asked to speak at a Banned Books event in Bozeman, MT next week. (paperback) The Three Investigators and the Mystery of the Moaning Cave by William Arden: Because reading The Chocolate War has soaked me in nostalgia and I figured it was high time I revisited Bob, Pete and Jupe. (paperback) The Home Place by Carrie La Seur: Because Montana. (ebook) Kim Ukura Without You There Is No Us: My Time With the Sons of North Korea’s Elite by Suki Kim: I love a good book/memoir about cultures I will never experience. (galley) Eric Smith September Girls by Bennett Harrison: A YA novel I’ve been meaning to pick up for… well, the past year, September Girls was one of those books that hit with some incredibly polarizing reviews. Blogs that I frequently read either absolutely loved it or completely loathed it. When I picked up the paperback in a used bookshop last week and saw some very kind words on the back cover from Nova Ren Suma, I decided it was time to dive in and judge for myself. So far? Really digging it. I know I’ll finish it up this week. (Paperback) Echoes of Us by Kat Zhang: The final book in Zhang’s Hybrid Chronicles trilogy. I’m going to crack this open immediately. (Hardcover) Tasha Brandstatter It Happened in Egypt by CN Williamson: Someone in the classics Google Group I belong to recommended CN Williamson as a good bet when one is the mood for romantic adventure novels. Plus, Egypt. (Audiobook) Beauty and the Mustache by Penny Reid: My mom loaned me this one. (Ebook) Rah Carter Beowulf translation by J.R.R. Tolkien. Because new Tolkien book. (Hardcover) The Golem And The Djinni by Helene Wecker. The title caught my attention at the library (Hardcover) Margret Aldrich The Replacements: All Over but the Shouting: An Oral History by Jim Walsh because I finally saw The Replacements in concert and am trying to keep the party going.  (paperback) Johann Thorsson Breed by K T Davies. A recently-released grimdark fantasy with a comic twist. (Kindle) The Short Novels of John Steinbeck  Because John Steinbeck. (Pretty paperback) Emily Gatlin My Conference Can Beat Your Conference: Why the SEC Still Rules College Football by Paul Finebaum: because my two favorite things (books and SEC football) rarely collide. (Hardcover) What the Lady Wants by Renee Rosen: forthcoming historical fiction release about Marshall Field/Chicago during the late 1800s. Now I’m in love with a store that no longer exists, but I found a whole chunk of history I haven’t explored yet so I get to read more books about it. As you do. (ARC) Christy Childers Churchill by Paul Johnson: Because I’m a sucker for British history, especially when Winston Churchill is involved. (hardcover) As for  Me… Love Me Back: A Novel by  Merritt Tierce: It caught my eye while reading Libertys New Books! newsletter this week. I wanted something gritty, that will shake me up a little. (ebook) The Hidden White House: Harry Truman and the Reconstruction of Americas Most Famous Residence by Robert Klara: Recommended by fellow Rioter, Swapna Krishna, while several of us were in Washington, D.C. for the National Book Festival. I love U.S. History and this book is scratching all of those itches. (ebook) ***** Catch up with more  bookish things that we are up to on  Book Riot’s  Instagram account. On the days that this feature runs, well share a short video there from one of our contributors about one of the books they are currently reading! Save

Operant condition Essay - 765 Words

Several years ago, I was the marketing Manager for a new line of perfume, which had to be promoted, introduced to the consumer, and allow for succession in the market. By marketing the product the sales would either be high or low depending on the market responses. One way to ensure successfully marketing to the right consumers is through the use of Operant Conditioning. Operant Conditioning, also known as Instrumental learning is defined as a â€Å"learning process by which the consequences of an operant response affects the likelihood that the response will occur in the future†(Kozak, pg 22). Basically, Operant Conditioning is a stimulus response pattern that when reinforced will condition the individual response to a desired behavior. Our†¦show more content†¦When you purchase the specific product you are being reinforced to make the actual purchase because of the reward of receiving money back. There are two types of reinforcements, positive and negative. Positive reinforcers bring pleasant consequence abrupt by adding something pleasant to the environment of the individual. â€Å"This increases the probability that the response will occur again†(Darcy, pg 224). For example to increase customer response you may want to send a trail sample or coupon to entice the customer to the store so as to make a purchase. On the other hand negative reinforcement is the removal of negative stimuli from the individual surrounding environment. Negative reinforcement is a way to get rid of undesirable behaviors. Think about when you are listening to a radio and you are trying to hear the advertisement that is coming in all fuzzy. Well, if you adjust the setting on the radio to eliminate the static, you will be able to hear the advertisement and possibly want to proceed on to buy the product. In this case, you are removing the unpleasant behavior such as the static from the immediate situation to bring about the pleasantness of the advertisement . These two aspects of reinforcement both strengthen the individual’s behavior by adding or subtracting necessary praise or barriers. Operant Conditioning as been used in many advertisements such as â€Å"Natural Desire† thisShow MoreRelatedOperant Conditioning And Its Effect On Behavior1380 Words   |  6 PagesOperant conditioning refers to the method of learning to occur through rewards and punishment for behavior (Staddon Cerutti 2002). In the operant condition, an association occurs between the behavior and the consequences of the behavior. Behaviorist B.F Skinner coined operant conditioning, and that is why some refer to it as Skinnerian conditioning. Skinner started studying operant conditioning in the late 1920s when he was a graduate student at Harvard University. As a behaviorist B.F SkinnerRead MorePhobias1174 Words   |  5 Pagesdeveloped through operant conditioning and how addictions can be developed through operant conditioning. This essay also examines the distinctions between classical and operant condition and examines â€Å"extinction† as it relates to psychological theory and h ow extinction is achieved in classical and operant conditioning. Phobias and Addictions Numerous psychologists believe that behaviors are learned through conditioning. These conditionings are known as operant, which is based onRead MorePavlov s Classical Conditioning And Skinner s Operant Conditioning1243 Words   |  5 PagesTaSheena Moore 2/4/2016 PSY 110 Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning and Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience. There are two types of learning, associative learning and cognitive learning. Associative learning occurs when a person or an animal forms a simple association among various stimuli, behaviors, or both. It requires little to no awareness or thought. Cognitive learning refers to understanding, knowing, and anticipating. Our subjectRead MoreThere Are Many Types Of Conditioning That People Used To1427 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many types of conditioning that people used to learn things. The first type of condition that we talk about in this paper is classical condition. The second type of conditioning is called operant conditioning. And the last type of conditioning is vicarious conditioning / Observational Learning. These are the 3 main types of conditioning that we use in are daily life. Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning is one of the most basic forms of learning that we use today. You can see itRead MoreClassical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesConditioning and Behaviorism. b) Identify the two major characteristics that distinguish classical conditioning from operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning is a type of learning process of an individual when they come in contact with certain stimuli. According to Pavlov, a Russian psychologist, he developed several experiments on learning and he discovered that classical condition is the basic form of learning for an individual. However, according to Pavlov, behaviorism is the view that psychologyRead MorePsy 390 Operant Conditioning Essay851 Words   |  4 PagesOperant Conditioning Dena Couch PSY 390 July 30, 2012 Dr. Thauberger Operant Conditioning In this paper there will be an examination of the Operant Conditioning theory. It will describe the theory, and compare and contrast the positive and negative reinforcement. It will determine which form of reinforcement is the most effective, and will give an explanation of the reasoning behind that choice. It will also give a scenario in which operant conditioning is applied and how it shapes behaviorRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1146 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween stimuli and responses. The two types of conditioning found are Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning. As stated before, learning may occur in different ways but Classical and Operant conditioning are two of several theories on learning which take the behaviorist approach. â€Å"Classical conditioning is an association of one event with another that results in a pattern of behavior.† Operant conditioning however, is â€Å"learning that takes place as a consequence of behavior.à ¢â‚¬  Classical ConditioningRead MoreOperant conditioning plays a large role in our everyday life. Throughout the history of time people700 Words   |  3 Pages Operant conditioning plays a large role in our everyday life. Throughout the history of time people has been using this same technique in order to function in every day society. Some people may use this to their advantage and others as a disadvantage. This type of conditioning can be used in a positive or negative way. Some of the early leaders in this field of study where people such as B.F. Skinner and Edward Thorndike. These two gentleman played a major role in the concept of operantRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1249 Words   |  5 Pagesstimuli or a behavior and a learned stimulus. Associative learning is divided in to two central techniques, classical conditioning and operant condition. Classical and operant conditioning are basic methods of learning and conditioning is used to adapt a behavior or association through a stimuli or consequence (Ciccarelli, 2012). While classical conditioning and operant conditioning are key elements in associative learning, they have significant differences. A clear contrast between the two theoriesRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning883 Words   |  4 Pagesexperiments conducted by Ivan Pavlov, B.F Skinner, and various others, our learning process can be--and normally is--significantly influenced by the social and physical world around us. Two particular examples of this are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. â€Å"Classical conditioning occurs when a natural stimulus produces a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally produces a response† (Schacter). For example, in horror movies suspenseful music tends to precede dramatic events

Drug Cartels And The United States - 1688 Words

The situation in Mexico regarding the Drug Cartels has been an ongoing battle that has taken the life of between 30,000 to 40,000 civilians, cartels henchmen and federal employees. The violence has evolved into something new in recent years. The brutality contributed by the drug cartels could potentially be labeled as terrorist acts. The strong domestic conflict surrounding the drug cartel in Mexico has boiled over the border and into the United States. Illegal drugs enter the United States through various openings along the U.S- Mexican Border. There are nine important crossings, such as Tijuana-San Diego, Mexicali, and Ciudad Juarez-El Paso. From Texas to Southern California, these drugs are handed out throughout the United States via†¦show more content†¦The Gulf cartel is struggling to maintain its territory on the eastern coast of Mexico and has become brutal. The Beltran Leyva brothers, leaders of their drug cartel, have been high profile targets of the CalderoÃŒ n pr esidency. Their death has thrown the cartel into confusion, and neighboring groups have been moving to absorb the Beltran Leyva territory. La Familia Michoacan was a new cartel which quickly gained a reputation for being violent. After the deaths of the main leaders of this group, a power struggle left the cartel in the hands of new leaders who renamed it The Knights Templar. Their organization is incorporated with an abnormal evangelical message and remains among the most violent of the cartels. As the war against the drug trading organizations continues, there seem to be two reasonable options. In the first, the major cartels are targeted. The Sinaloa and Gulf cartels will lose their clasp on the borders and be consumed by smaller scale operations. This will leave the Mexican government with a bigger number of cartels, but each will have smaller areas of influence and fewer people on the ground. Whether that type of situation is easier to deal with than the one currently facing the Mexican government is up to debate. In the second outcome, the opposite chain of events occurs. The central government targets smaller, weaker groups, disbanding them. This would allow for the big

Week Two Team Doc Free Essays

The purpose of this comprehensive analysis is to discuss the region and country of Brazil along with our proposed global business venture in the country. Regional Analysis Brazil has worldwide allies but is recognized as one of the few nations in the world that does not currently have a regional alliance (but as you point out the country is member of NUMEROUS). However, (former) Brazilian President Luis dad Silva in 2008 has looked to change that with his proposal of a full region alliance of all of South America, called the Latin Alliance (Washington Times, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Week Two Team Doc or any similar topic only for you Order Now Currently Brazil operates ender the Numerous, a form of economic integration that promotes trade, especially free trade, such as the exchange of goods, services and currency among its members. The members include Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Bola (Wisped, 2013). The Brazilian physical environment Is lush with vegetation, color, territory, natural resources, and available aquatic resources. All environments which positively facilitate trade potential for Brazil and the Region as a whole. South America Is regarded a place where political Instability holds true for most of the nations within the region, Brazil Included (Heritage, 2013). As a result of the political instability economic conditions have also resulted in fluctuation in success, where financing and other financial relief can be hard to come by or even relied upon in general for the region. However, the social conditions have looked up in the region for some nations as some nations have seen reductions In corruption with the increase in commerce, health care, and environmental acknowledgment (Heritage, 2013). Terrorism is not considered a factor (Internationals, 2013). You should update your understanding of Brazilian politics and the country global Image. Project finance has not been a recent problem. ) Country Analysis Brazil is one of the largest countries on the continent of South America. Over the years Brazil has had growth in the oil, natural gas, and electricity markets. The country is also one of the largest consumers of energy in South America. Brazil is most popularly known for having largest rainforest’s out of all of the destinations on the globe. Because of all of the plant life that belongs to the rain forest, Brazil produces the most Carbon Dioxide (? ). Brazil has been having a large amount of 1 OFF in the rainforest’s. The deforestation has had an effect on the environment because of the plant and animal species that are becoming endangered. It also has an effect on the water and air quality in surrounding cities because of pollution. Brazil has a military but it is not used very often because the country does not have any enemies or threats to be concerned with. The country has a stable democratic political system, and has no cultural or ethnic conflicts. Political leaders like Lull De Silva implemented an economic plan and social reforms that helped them rank high on the UN Human Development Index. Brazil has the 10th largest economy on a global call and has been effective in debt management, balancing trade, inflation control, and the country has also always kept their currency stable and has been consistent on the exporting of goods. Over the years Brazil has been able to avoid a U. S. Like recession (? ). Though some cities in Brazil like, ROI De Jeanine have a higher crime rate than other cities in Brazil it is still seen as a peaceful place. Some believe the reason for some crime is the 15% poverty rate. Political leaders are working to increase the employment rate and improve conditions in the poorer areas of Brazil. Organization ND Product Analysis Team B winery was incorporated in Florida in January of 2005 with the idea to create high-end wines for the most particular wine enthusiast. The winery was formed by four friends out of necessity because the selection of fine wines at a fair price is scarce. The winery covers a total of six acres with four acres devoted to making grapes for Cabernet Sauvignon, and the remainder is used to make Merlot. Originally the group made wine as a hobby for personal consumption for themselves and their friends. It became popular among family and friends so they decided to pursue a business. Then in 2005 the company produced 85 cases of wine with 12 bottles per case at a retail price of $40 US per bottle. Since then the production numbers have been 250 cases per year consistently with the ability to make 500 cases if there was a demand. To create demand Team B decided to pursue sales in Brazil where the wine industry in comparison to the rest of the world is still in its infancy. There is a big wine market in Brazilian weddings. The people of Brazil have extravagant weddings with gourmet wine, food and live music. The weddings themselves are an extravaganza that consists of a wedding party and a separate Rooney that both involve wine. Team B Winery wants to position themselves (itself) to gain a market share of the wine sales. Weddings are not the only festivities the people of Brazil celebrate with the accompaniment of wine. Brazilian enjoy celebrating every milestone in life not Just weddings such as births, anniversaries, birthdays, holidays, deaths, and of course Carnival. Family time and celebrations consist of dancing, dressing up, enjoying a delicious meal with a bottle of wine. The consumption of wine is a ritual that is part of every aspect of Brazilian life. There are any holidays in which Brazilian celebrate, but one of the best known across the globe is Carnival, which lasts five days. Each day is spent dancing, conga music, and drinking high-end luxurious wine. The food staples of Brazil are sausage, pigs feet, ears and tails, beef and black beans. The winery will offer the 2007 Merlot to pair with the meats. The Merlot is Black Ripe Raspberry wine that boasts a small taste of spice to bring out the taste in the meat. If a more mellow wine is desired the 2008 hiring locals to manage and work the new bottling plant. To help with shipping costs ND to keep quality high, the wine will be shipped in oak barrels from the U. S. Winery and bottled in Brazil. How to cite Week Two Team Doc, Papers

Tourism Development in Tunisia Essay Example

Tourism Development in Tunisia Essay Much of the findings are based on my own observations on the impacts of tourism as I travelled around Tunisia. The three principle aspects of sustainability are social, economic and environment impacts which I used as my three elemates for measuring sustainability. Beach tourism has been present in Tunisia since the 1960’s where as saharan tourism although was started during the 1980’s it is still very much developing and aiming to gain its own indepence from beach tourism in Tunisia. Beach tourism is a success for Tunisia in terms of economic benefits, the traditional Tunisian culture has faded in the coastal regions, there is also a strong reliance on the tourism industry making the region very vulnerable and enviromentally the lack of freshwater and wastewater manage do not appear to be something the coastal region is tackling despite how much water is used in this type of tourism. We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Development in Tunisia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Development in Tunisia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Development in Tunisia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Saharan tourism on the other hand does not appear to be receive that much economically from tourism compared to beach tourism, however the social impacts of tourism seem to less the and the environmental issues in Tunisia seems to be something that the interior regions are working towards solving. To conclude this report finds that saharan tourism is neither more sustainable nor less sustainable than beach tourism because both have negative aspects and positive aspects that need to more balance. 2. 1 Objective The purpose of this report is to; I. Explore and discuss the impact of tourism development between the coastal and interior region of Tunisia. II. Identify whether Saharan Tourism is more sustainable than Beach Tourism in Tunisia. 3. 1 Methodology amp; Sources of Data When comparing the impact of tourism development between the coastal region and the interior region of Tunisia an in field study was done. Much of this investigation is based on my observations in the field as a learning diary was conducted giving a detailed day to day description of places visited across Tunisia and my thoughts on the experience. However I along with my group members did conducted a number of activities on the places visited and in some destinations we got the opportunity to carry out various questionnaires on local Tunisians and tourists to find out their thoughts on tourism in Tunisia. In order to conduct a full comparative analysis between the interior and coastal regions the destinations of Hammamet, Sfax Douz and Tozeur which were visited during the trip to Tunisia have been chosen as the regions I intend to focus this investigation on. I. Critique of Methods Used The fact that the research for this investigation was conducted in the field meant that I was able to get a first hand look at the impacts and ultimately gather some primary data. However, the in field study did have many flaws, which made it difficult and unethical to compare the interior region of Tunisia with the coastal region. Firstly, the local participants interviewed were those working directly or indirectly in the tourism industry i. e. local business owners or hoteliers which meant that their feedback could have been biased because they economical benefit from tourism. Similarly, the feedback from the tourists interviewed in Tunisia could have been influenced by the fact that they were wrapped in a tourist bubble therefore failing to acknowledge the negative impacts tourism development many be having. What may have made this study more feasible is if questionnaires were conducted on locals who did not have any involvement in the tourism industry. Another flaw in this investigation is the measuring of sustainability, sustainability is a complex and difficult objective to measure; the challenge in measuring sustainability is how we measure one negative impact against another. For example; tourism in the coastal region of Tunisia maybe more economically beneficial but cause more negative environmental impacts where as tourism in the interior region may receive less economic benefits but have less negative environmental impacts, therefore how would you measure which one is more sustainable. 4. 1 Interpretation amp; Findings I. Sustainability and Alternative Tourism In order to determine whether Saharan Tourism is more sustainable than Beach Tourism in Tunisia it is important to explain the definition of sustainability in tourism and its relationship with alternative tourism development. The term sustainable tourism is defined by WTO as; â€Å"Tourism that meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future. Rather than being a type of product, it is an ethos that underpins all tourism activities. As such, it is integral to all aspects of tourism development and management rather than being an add-on component The objective of sustainable tourism is to retain the economic and social advantages of tourism development while reducing or mitigating any undesirable impacts on the natural, historic, cultural or social environment. This is achieved by balancing the needs of tourists with those of the destination†. (World Tourism Organisation) The principles of sustainability relate to the economic, social and environmental elements of tourism development, in order for sustainability to be achieved on a long term basis these three aspects need to be balanced. Alternative forms tourism have over the years been increasing as strategies employed by many destinations as a way of eliminating the negative effects associated with mass tourism (characterized by the three‘s’ sun, sand and sea). II. Beach Tourism in Tunisia The presence of tourism in Tunisia dates back to 1960’s when the country received attention from North European tour operators seeking to expand low cost packaged tours to new destinations outside Europe. The development of tourism from this date has been very much focused on package tours to coastal regions such as Hammamet and Sousse. Tourism in these regions has been economically beneficial as main jobs in these regions are tourism related either directly or indirectly. However tourism development has made the country very vulnerable due to a reliance on tour operators and over concentrated focus on beach tourism. III. Saharan Tourism in Tunisia At present the Tunisian government is trying to shake off the destinations reputation as offering coastal resorts and cheap accommodation, one way in which they intend to do this is by diversifying the products on offer to tourists. One of these products being Saharan Tourism, in the late 1980’s the government recognized that in order to compete in the international tourism market then they would need to exploit the wealth of potential for tourism in the Saharan regions of the country. Not only to compete with the European destinations such as Turkey, Spain and Croatia but to provide a solution to the economic troubles of deprived regions in the Sahara and help preserve their cultural and natural heritage. However despite the governments efforts to promote the sector in these regions by offering tax incentives for private operator’s tourist activities in the region has been slow and not yet gained its independence from the coastal trade. IV. A Comparative Analysis of Hammamet, Sfax, Tozeur amp; Douz i. Socio-Cultural I observed when visiting the coastal resort of Hammamet that the region appeared to have lost some of it cultural heritage, this was increasingly vident in the Yasmine Hammamet region which houses a new medina built for tourist consumption instead of being a historic monument built to house locals. Throughout Hammamet it was clear that the presents of tourism over the years has meant that the countries traditional Islamic and Arabic culture has been invaded by western cultural characteristics. While touring the medina’s in Hammamet there were a number of designer western products on sell and the dress code of the locals was much more westernized too. However this did not seem to be a negative or conflicting situation between the locals which was confirmed by one local male participant interviewed, who was asked whether there was a conflict between the young and old generations because of the cultural changes in the region. His response was that there was not a conflict between the different generations and that tourism in the area has not been the only catalysis for cultural change international television and technology in the region has also been a cause. In Sfax local not far off the east coast of Tunisia the issue of modernization and westernization are also evident there however Sfax is much over polluted and industrialized in comparison to Hammamet. Compared to Hammamet and Sfax the interior regions Tozeur and Douz were much more traditional in terms of cultural dress code and infrastructure. What was also different about the interior region was the interactions with local Tunisians, as we travelled out of the tourist zones to different cultural attractions in the interior of Tunisia you get a more authentic feel of the Tunisian culture. One example of this was in Douz where we got to go to a local shisha cafe not far from our hotel, which was filled with local Tunisians mainly men smoking shisha and socializing with other locals and tourists alike. Another socio-cultural difference between the interior and coastal regions is the amount of people that live in these areas. From visiting these four towns in Tunisia it is evident that the rural parts of Tunisia are being slow abandoned for the urban areas. (Figure 1. Showing a staged performance for tourists in Yasmine Hammamet Medina) ii. Economic Economically, is clear that Hammamet is very dependent on tourism which I was informed of by a local medina stall own who we interviewed while visiting Hammamet old medina. When questioning the stall owner he informed us that tourism was very unpredictable particularly during the recent recession because tourism in the area fell, as tourism is the main source of income to the economy in the area this means that the locals are in a very unstable situation. Other evidence of how reliant Hammamet is on tourism was shown by how pushy and aggressive the stall owners and those working in the medinas were to get tourism to purchase from their shops. The stall owner also informed us that although tourism is unstable it has been beneficial for locals by providing jobs particularly as agriculture in this area is declining as I was informed of by the interviewed participant. This was considerably different from Tozeur and particularly Douz as I observed visiting Douz market, the workers and stall owners were not as pushy to get us to buy from their shops and were more adamant on the prices they expect us to pay for their goods. In Tozeur, Douz and the surrounding areas just outside of these towns there was plenty of signs of agricultural activity, for example olive and date production which is why these regions seem less economically reliant on tourism. Although the Tozeur did not seem very depend on tourism the same cannot be said for the mountain oases just outside the Tozeur town where I observed children hustling for us to buy their jewellery which is shown in figure 2. Figure 2. iii. Environment Lack of freshwater and wastewater are the central concerns in throughout Tunisia, in Hammamet and Sfax there were no obvious signs of how the region is tackling these issue. Which is quiet worrying considering that mass tourism has the highest demand for water, due to accommodation and facilities such as golf courses and swimming pools. However when we questioned a local hotel worker on the negative environmental impacts of tourism in this area he seem sure that there were not any. In Tozeur and Douz and other interior regions visited there was evidence that freshwater was something they were tackling this was particularly evident in Kairouran where I got observe the water dam and a well where water is pumped by a camel (shown in Figure 3) and also Tozeur where there has been heavy investment has been in place to tackle groundwater shortages. In Douz I were informed by our tour guide that sand storms were a big issue in the region and that the government was work towards solving the situation, as many locals had to moving from the region because there houses had been completely covered by the sand. Figure 3. Conclusion Based on my findings comparing the interior region with the coastal region, I feel that Saharan tourism neither more sustainable nor less sustainable than beach tourism in Tunisia. Saharan tourism is something that is still very much developing in Tunisia, there is evidence that once it is fully developed it will be more sustainable than beach tourism but present there not enough evidence to suggest that Saharan tourism is benefiting enough economical for it to be deemed a sustainable objective. Although environmentally and socially there is evidence that sustainable objectives are being met these three aspects of sustainability need to be balanced in order for Saharan tourism work as a sustainable development. Appendix Figure 1. showing a staged performance for tourists in Yasmine Hammamet Medina)†¦.. pg 6 Figure 2 ( Showing children hustling in the mountain oases outside Tozeur )†¦.. Pg 7 Figure 3 (Showing a camel pumping a well in Kairouran)†¦. Pg 8 Bibliography Stefano L. , Freshwater and Tourism in the Mediterranean, June 2004, WWF Mediterranean Programme Hosni E. , Strategy for Sustainable Tourism Development in the Sahara, 2000, UNESCO Cooper C. , Fletcher J. , Fyall A. , Gilbert D. amp; Wanhill S. , Tourism; Principles and Practice, 4th edition, 2008, Prentice Hill Websites www. unwto. com Tourism Development in Tunisia Essay Example Tourism Development in Tunisia Essay Much of the findings are based on my own observations on the impacts of tourism as I travelled around Tunisia. The three principle aspects of sustainability are social, economic and environment impacts which I used as my three elemates for measuring sustainability. Beach tourism has been present in Tunisia since the 1960’s where as saharan tourism although was started during the 1980’s it is still very much developing and aiming to gain its own indepence from beach tourism in Tunisia. Beach tourism is a success for Tunisia in terms of economic benefits, the traditional Tunisian culture has faded in the coastal regions, there is also a strong reliance on the tourism industry making the region very vulnerable and enviromentally the lack of freshwater and wastewater manage do not appear to be something the coastal region is tackling despite how much water is used in this type of tourism. We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Development in Tunisia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Development in Tunisia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Development in Tunisia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Saharan tourism on the other hand does not appear to be receive that much economically from tourism compared to beach tourism, however the social impacts of tourism seem to less the and the environmental issues in Tunisia seems to be something that the interior regions are working towards solving. To conclude this report finds that saharan tourism is neither more sustainable nor less sustainable than beach tourism because both have negative aspects and positive aspects that need to more balance. 2. 1 Objective The purpose of this report is to; I. Explore and discuss the impact of tourism development between the coastal and interior region of Tunisia. II. Identify whether Saharan Tourism is more sustainable than Beach Tourism in Tunisia. 3. 1 Methodology amp; Sources of Data When comparing the impact of tourism development between the coastal region and the interior region of Tunisia an in field study was done. Much of this investigation is based on my observations in the field as a learning diary was conducted giving a detailed day to day description of places visited across Tunisia and my thoughts on the experience. However I along with my group members did conducted a number of activities on the places visited and in some destinations we got the opportunity to carry out various questionnaires on local Tunisians and tourists to find out their thoughts on tourism in Tunisia. In order to conduct a full comparative analysis between the interior and coastal regions the destinations of Hammamet, Sfax Douz and Tozeur which were visited during the trip to Tunisia have been chosen as the regions I intend to focus this investigation on. I. Critique of Methods Used The fact that the research for this investigation was conducted in the field meant that I was able to get a first hand look at the impacts and ultimately gather some primary data. However, the in field study did have many flaws, which made it difficult and unethical to compare the interior region of Tunisia with the coastal region. Firstly, the local participants interviewed were those working directly or indirectly in the tourism industry i. e. local business owners or hoteliers which meant that their feedback could have been biased because they economical benefit from tourism. Similarly, the feedback from the tourists interviewed in Tunisia could have been influenced by the fact that they were wrapped in a tourist bubble therefore failing to acknowledge the negative impacts tourism development many be having. What may have made this study more feasible is if questionnaires were conducted on locals who did not have any involvement in the tourism industry. Another flaw in this investigation is the measuring of sustainability, sustainability is a complex and difficult objective to measure; the challenge in measuring sustainability is how we measure one negative impact against another. For example; tourism in the coastal region of Tunisia maybe more economically beneficial but cause more negative environmental impacts where as tourism in the interior region may receive less economic benefits but have less negative environmental impacts, therefore how would you measure which one is more sustainable. 4. 1 Interpretation amp; Findings I. Sustainability and Alternative Tourism In order to determine whether Saharan Tourism is more sustainable than Beach Tourism in Tunisia it is important to explain the definition of sustainability in tourism and its relationship with alternative tourism development. The term sustainable tourism is defined by WTO as; â€Å"Tourism that meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future. Rather than being a type of product, it is an ethos that underpins all tourism activities. As such, it is integral to all aspects of tourism development and management rather than being an add-on component The objective of sustainable tourism is to retain the economic and social advantages of tourism development while reducing or mitigating any undesirable impacts on the natural, historic, cultural or social environment. This is achieved by balancing the needs of tourists with those of the destination†. (World Tourism Organisation) The principles of sustainability relate to the economic, social and environmental elements of tourism development, in order for sustainability to be achieved on a long term basis these three aspects need to be balanced. Alternative forms tourism have over the years been increasing as strategies employed by many destinations as a way of eliminating the negative effects associated with mass tourism (characterized by the three‘s’ sun, sand and sea). II. Beach Tourism in Tunisia The presence of tourism in Tunisia dates back to 1960’s when the country received attention from North European tour operators seeking to expand low cost packaged tours to new destinations outside Europe. The development of tourism from this date has been very much focused on package tours to coastal regions such as Hammamet and Sousse. Tourism in these regions has been economically beneficial as main jobs in these regions are tourism related either directly or indirectly. However tourism development has made the country very vulnerable due to a reliance on tour operators and over concentrated focus on beach tourism. III. Saharan Tourism in Tunisia At present the Tunisian government is trying to shake off the destinations reputation as offering coastal resorts and cheap accommodation, one way in which they intend to do this is by diversifying the products on offer to tourists. One of these products being Saharan Tourism, in the late 1980’s the government recognized that in order to compete in the international tourism market then they would need to exploit the wealth of potential for tourism in the Saharan regions of the country. Not only to compete with the European destinations such as Turkey, Spain and Croatia but to provide a solution to the economic troubles of deprived regions in the Sahara and help preserve their cultural and natural heritage. However despite the governments efforts to promote the sector in these regions by offering tax incentives for private operator’s tourist activities in the region has been slow and not yet gained its independence from the coastal trade. IV. A Comparative Analysis of Hammamet, Sfax, Tozeur amp; Douz i. Socio-Cultural I observed when visiting the coastal resort of Hammamet that the region appeared to have lost some of it cultural heritage, this was increasingly vident in the Yasmine Hammamet region which houses a new medina built for tourist consumption instead of being a historic monument built to house locals. Throughout Hammamet it was clear that the presents of tourism over the years has meant that the countries traditional Islamic and Arabic culture has been invaded by western cultural characteristics. While touring the medina’s in Hammamet there were a number of designer western products on sell and the dress code of the locals was much more westernized too. However this did not seem to be a negative or conflicting situation between the locals which was confirmed by one local male participant interviewed, who was asked whether there was a conflict between the young and old generations because of the cultural changes in the region. His response was that there was not a conflict between the different generations and that tourism in the area has not been the only catalysis for cultural change international television and technology in the region has also been a cause. In Sfax local not far off the east coast of Tunisia the issue of modernization and westernization are also evident there however Sfax is much over polluted and industrialized in comparison to Hammamet. Compared to Hammamet and Sfax the interior regions Tozeur and Douz were much more traditional in terms of cultural dress code and infrastructure. What was also different about the interior region was the interactions with local Tunisians, as we travelled out of the tourist zones to different cultural attractions in the interior of Tunisia you get a more authentic feel of the Tunisian culture. One example of this was in Douz where we got to go to a local shisha cafe not far from our hotel, which was filled with local Tunisians mainly men smoking shisha and socializing with other locals and tourists alike. Another socio-cultural difference between the interior and coastal regions is the amount of people that live in these areas. From visiting these four towns in Tunisia it is evident that the rural parts of Tunisia are being slow abandoned for the urban areas. (Figure 1. Showing a staged performance for tourists in Yasmine Hammamet Medina) ii. Economic Economically, is clear that Hammamet is very dependent on tourism which I was informed of by a local medina stall own who we interviewed while visiting Hammamet old medina. When questioning the stall owner he informed us that tourism was very unpredictable particularly during the recent recession because tourism in the area fell, as tourism is the main source of income to the economy in the area this means that the locals are in a very unstable situation. Other evidence of how reliant Hammamet is on tourism was shown by how pushy and aggressive the stall owners and those working in the medinas were to get tourism to purchase from their shops. The stall owner also informed us that although tourism is unstable it has been beneficial for locals by providing jobs particularly as agriculture in this area is declining as I was informed of by the interviewed participant. This was considerably different from Tozeur and particularly Douz as I observed visiting Douz market, the workers and stall owners were not as pushy to get us to buy from their shops and were more adamant on the prices they expect us to pay for their goods. In Tozeur, Douz and the surrounding areas just outside of these towns there was plenty of signs of agricultural activity, for example olive and date production which is why these regions seem less economically reliant on tourism. Although the Tozeur did not seem very depend on tourism the same cannot be said for the mountain oases just outside the Tozeur town where I observed children hustling for us to buy their jewellery which is shown in figure 2. Figure 2. iii. Environment Lack of freshwater and wastewater are the central concerns in throughout Tunisia, in Hammamet and Sfax there were no obvious signs of how the region is tackling these issue. Which is quiet worrying considering that mass tourism has the highest demand for water, due to accommodation and facilities such as golf courses and swimming pools. However when we questioned a local hotel worker on the negative environmental impacts of tourism in this area he seem sure that there were not any. In Tozeur and Douz and other interior regions visited there was evidence that freshwater was something they were tackling this was particularly evident in Kairouran where I got observe the water dam and a well where water is pumped by a camel (shown in Figure 3) and also Tozeur where there has been heavy investment has been in place to tackle groundwater shortages. In Douz I were informed by our tour guide that sand storms were a big issue in the region and that the government was work towards solving the situation, as many locals had to moving from the region because there houses had been completely covered by the sand. Figure 3. Conclusion Based on my findings comparing the interior region with the coastal region, I feel that Saharan tourism neither more sustainable nor less sustainable than beach tourism in Tunisia. Saharan tourism is something that is still very much developing in Tunisia, there is evidence that once it is fully developed it will be more sustainable than beach tourism but present there not enough evidence to suggest that Saharan tourism is benefiting enough economical for it to be deemed a sustainable objective. Although environmentally and socially there is evidence that sustainable objectives are being met these three aspects of sustainability need to be balanced in order for Saharan tourism work as a sustainable development. Appendix Figure 1. showing a staged performance for tourists in Yasmine Hammamet Medina)†¦.. pg 6 Figure 2 ( Showing children hustling in the mountain oases outside Tozeur )†¦.. Pg 7 Figure 3 (Showing a camel pumping a well in Kairouran)†¦. Pg 8 Bibliography Stefano L. , Freshwater and Tourism in the Mediterranean, June 2004, WWF Mediterranean Programme Hosni E. , Strategy for Sustainable Tourism Development in the Sahara, 2000, UNESCO Cooper C. , Fletcher J. , Fyall A. , Gilbert D. amp; Wanhill S. , Tourism; Principles and Practice, 4th edition, 2008, Prentice Hill Websites www. unwto. com